The effect of saliva or serum on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans colonization of hydroxylapatite beads

Nikawa, Hiroki; Hamada, Takashi; Yamashiro, H.; Murata, Hiroshi; Subiwahjudi, Agus

doi:10.1016/s0300-5712(96)00076-0

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Given that C. albicans has efficient adherence mechanisms, its colonization of the oral environment might represent a predisposing factor favoring its interaction with S. mutans, as has been suggested by several authors (1,23,26,35). Most studies on the in vitro interaction between two microorganisms use either reference strains or isolates from different hosts (6,(24)(25)(26). The use of isolates from hosts colonized by both microorganisms can be a starting point to future findings in specific populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Barbieri¹,

Vicente²,

Fraiz³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro adherence capacity of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Adherence assays were conducted on dental surfaces and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Extracted human teeth were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans or Candida albicans and with both species simultaneously, and incubated at 37ºC for 21 days. Bacterial inocula had been obtained from saliva samples of children that had been colonized by both organisms. ATCC reference strains were used as controls. SEM analyses showed that the biofilm that covered the entire analyzed dental surface was more homogeneous inoculated with the two microorganisms simultaneously than with each species separately. In a second experiment, carried out with isolates that had shown the highest adherence the isolates were tested for adherence to high-density polyethylene substrates. The potentialization of the adherence capacity of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans when in association was confirmed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Barbieri¹,

Vicente²,

Fraiz³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Selected volunteers were provided a commercially available fluoride dentifrice and a softbristled toothbrush for their routine oral hygiene and discontinued the use of all other oral hygiene formulations for 1 week prior to the start of their scheduled saliva collection. Procedures for collection of whole saliva from subjects were done in accordance with previously described procedures (7,20). In brief, subjects chewed on paraffin wax, and the saliva (20 to 50 ml) collected from each subject was pooled and centrifuged (8,000 ϫ g for 10 min) to obtain clarified saliva and then stored at Ϫ20°C prior to use (7,20,24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Procedures for collection of whole saliva from subjects were done in accordance with previously described procedures (7,20). In brief, subjects chewed on paraffin wax, and the saliva (20 to 50 ml) collected from each subject was pooled and centrifuged (8,000 ϫ g for 10 min) to obtain clarified saliva and then stored at Ϫ20°C prior to use (7,20,24). Clarified saliva (0.1 ml) was added to each well of a 96-well plate (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD) and incubated overnight at 37°C to coat the wells and form salivary pellicles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiparameter Assessments To Determine the Effects of Sugars and Antimicrobials on a Polymicrobial Oral Biofilm

Yang

Sreenivasan

Subramanyam

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Clinical studies indicate relationships between dental plaque, a naturally formed biofilm, and oral diseases. The crucial role of nonmicrobial biofilm constituents in maintaining biofilm structure and biofilm-specific attributes, such as resistance to shear and viscoelasticity, is increasingly recognized. Concurrent analyses of the diverse nonmicrobial biofilm components for multiparameter assessments formed the focus of this investigation. Comparable numbers of Actinomyces viscosus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mutans, Neisseria subflava, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cells were seeded into multiple wells of 96-well polystyrene plates for biofilm formation. Quantitative fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) examined the influences of dietary sugars, incubation conditions, ingredients in oral hygiene formulations, and antibiotics on biofilm components. Biofilm extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were examined with an optimized mixture of fluorescent lectins, with biofilm proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids detected with specific fluorescent stains. Anaerobic incubation of biofilms resulted in significantly more biofilm EPS and extractable carbohydrates than those formed under aerobic conditions (P < 0.05). Sucrose significantly enhanced biofilm EPS in comparison to fructose, galactose, glucose, and lactose (P < 0.05). CLSM demonstrated thicker biofilms under sucrose-replete conditions, along with significant increases in biofilm EPS, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, than under conditions of sucrose deficiency (P < 0.05). Agents in oral hygiene formulations (chlorhexidine, ethanol, and sodium lauryl sulfate), a mucolytic agent (N-acetyl-L-cysteine), and antibiotics with different modes of action (amoxicillin, doxycycline, erythromycin, metronidazole, and vancomycin) inhibited biofilm components (P < 0.05). Multiparameter analysis indicated a dose-dependent inhibition of biofilm EPS and protein by chlorhexidine and sodium lauryl sulfate, along with distinctive inhibitory patterns for subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. Collectively, these results highlight multiparameter assessments as a broad platform for simultaneous assessment of diverse biofilm components.

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“…In vitro data have shown that C. albicans are able to adhere to hydroxyapatite (HA) beads [Cannon et al, 1995;Nikawa et al, 1998;Gregoire et al, 2011] and to the tooth surface [Sen et al, 1997a;Metwalli et al, 2013]. However, even though some authors have demonstrated that S. mutans favors C. albicans biofilm formation on HA [Pereira-Cenci et al, 2008;Falsetta et al, 2014;Willems et al, 2016], the literature diverges on the ability of C. albicans to form biofilms alone when using HA discs as mineral substrates for adhesion [Nikawa et al, 2003;Pereira-Cenci et al, 2008;Falsetta et al, 2014;Willems et al, 2016].…”

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confidence: 99%

Candida albicans Increases Dentine Demineralization Provoked by Streptococcus mutans Biofilm

et al. 2018

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Streptococcus mutans are considered the most cariogenic bacteria, but it has been suggested that Candida albicans could increase their cariogenicity. However, the effect of this dual-species microorganisms’ combination on dentine caries has not been experimentally evaluated. Biofilms of C. albicans, S. mutans and C. albicans + S. mutans (n = 12/biofilm) were grown in ultra-filtered tryptone yeast extract broth culture medium for 96 h on root dentine slabs of known surface hardness and exposed 8 times per day for 3 min to 10% sucrose. The medium was changed 2 times per day (after the 8 cariogenic challenges and after the overnight period of famine), and aliquots were analyzed to determinate the pH (indicator of biofilm acidogenicity). After 96 h, the biofilms were collected to determine the wet weight, colony-forming units, and the amounts of extracellular polysaccharides (soluble and insoluble). Dentine demineralization was assessed by surface hardness loss (% SHL). The architecture of the biofilms was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). The dual-species C. albicans + S. mutans biofilm provoked higher % SHL on dentine (p < 0.05) than the S. mutans and C. albicans biofilm. This was supported by the results of biofilm acidogenicity and the amounts of soluble (6.4 ± 2.14 vs. 4.0 ± 0.94 and 1.9 ± 0.97, respectively) and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (24.9 ± 9.22 vs. 18.9 ± 5.92 and 0.7 ± 0.48, respectively) (p < 0.05). The C. albicans biofilm alone presented low cariogenicity. The images by CLSM and TEM, respectively, suggest that the C. albicans + S. mutans biofilm is more voluminous than the S. mutans biofilm, and S. mutans cells interact with C. albicans throughout polysaccharides from the biofilm matrix. These findings show that C. albicans enhances the cariogenic potential of the S. mutans biofilm, increasing dentine demineralization.

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The effect of saliva or serum on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans colonization of hydroxylapatite beads

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Analysis of the in vitro adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Multiparameter Assessments To Determine the Effects of Sugars and Antimicrobials on a Polymicrobial Oral Biofilm

<b><i>Candida albicans</i></b> Increases Dentine Demineralization Provoked by<b><i> Streptococcus mutans</i></b> Biofilm

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