The effect of salinity on oxygen consumption and osmoregulation ofMacrobrachium tenellum

Abstract

A study was made of the effect of salinities of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 17, 22 and 27%o on the oxygen consumption and osmoregulation of Macrobrachium tenellum. The metabolism salinity curve is "U" shaped although in freshwater the metabolic rate reduces by 38%. The oxygen consumption observed over this range of salinities corresponds to Type II of Kinne (1971). In M. tenellum, osmotic concentration of haemolymph remains constant around 531 mmol Kg -1 which means that this species is a strong hyper-hypo osmoregulator. The isosmotic point was 533 mmol Kg -1 which suggests that this species has only recently invaded the freshwater environment.

Effects of salinity on standard metabolic rate and critical oxygen tension in the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)

“…) or lowest (Aguilar et al . ) around the isosmotic point, or shows no change at all (Zanders & Rodriguez ). Data are available on M. rosenbergii postlarva and juvenile but the results here also vary from reduced MO 2 at high salinities in juveniles (Nelson et al .…”

“…Previous studies on the effects of salinity on MO 2 in other adult members reveal large variations within the Macrobrachium genus. In other species, MO 2 either decreases with increased salinity (Moreira et al 1983;McNamara et al 1986;Gascaleyva et al 1991), is highest (Moreira et al 1983) or lowest (Aguilar et al 1998) around the isosmotic point, or shows no change at all (Zanders & Rodriguez 1992). Data are available on M. rosenbergii postlarva and juvenile but the results here also vary from reduced MO 2 at high salinities in juveniles (Nelson et al 1977) to no changes in either postlarva (Stephenson & Knight 1980) or juveniles (Intanai, Taylor & Whiteley 2009) with changing salinity, or a reduced MO 2 around the isosmotic point in both postlarva (Intanai et al 2009) and juveniles (Stern, Borut & Cohen 1984).…”

“…If adult M. rosenbergii is capable of growing equally in fresh and brackish water, it is reasonable to assume that SMR not be affected by salinity. However, the available studies on effects of salinity on MO 2 of adults of species belonging to the Macrobrachium genus have reached very different results (Moreira, McNamara, Shumway & Moreira 1983;McNamara, Moreira & Souza 1986;Gascaleyva, Martinezpalacios & Ross 1991;Zanders & Rodriguez 1992;Aguilar, Diaz & Buckle 1998), but this type of data is not available for adult M. rosenbergii.…”

Free amino acid pools as effectors of osmostic adjustment in different tissues of the freshwater shrimpmacrobrachiumolfersii(crustacea, decapoda) during long-term salinity acclimation

“…Although well established in freshwater, the diadromous palaemonids, like Macrobrachium olfersii, that migrate between the freshwater and marine habitats during their life cycles, exhibit physiological characteristics suggestive of a fairly recent freshwater invasion (Hedgpeth, 1957;Sollaud, 1923). Typically, these shrimps exhibit a high hemolymph osmolality (Denne, 1968;Moreira et al, 1983) and Na þ and Cl À concentrations (Castille and Lawrence, 1981;McNamara et al, 1990;Zanders and Rodriguez, 1992), elevated isosmotic (Moreira et al, 1983;Read, 1984;Aguilar et al, 1998) and isoionic points , a moderate osmotic permeability (Campbell and Jones, 1990) and elevated gill and renal gland Na þ /K þ -ATPase activities (Stern et al, 1984;Proverbio et al, 1990;McNamara and Torres, 1999;Furriel et al, 2000). They also show a high tolerance of acute exposure to brackish water, readily acclimate to media of elevated salinity (Moreira et al, 1983;McNamara, 1987;Fungesmith et al, 1995;Wilder et al, 1998;Freire et al, 2003), and exhibit a lengthy, larval developmental sequence, dependent on saline water (McNamara et al, 1986).…”

Growth of fresh-water prawn Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871) juveniles fed isoproteic diets substituting fish meal by soya bean meal

“…This prawn represents a very important fishery resource and is strongly exploited by local communities (Cabrera-Jiménez et al, 1977). According to Ponce-Palafox et al (2002) several biological characteristics favor its culture; for example, it is herbivorous, although also consumes small invertebrates and detritus (Barnes, 1977), tolerates wide variations for several water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen (Cuevas, 1980), salinity (Aguilar et al, 1998) and temperature (Hernández et al, 1995). The prawns mate and spawn from August to November (Guzmán, 1987), and are non-aggressive compared with the other species (Sánchez, 1976).…”