The effect of rumen-protected methionine and choline on plasma metabolites of Holstein dairy cows

Ardalan, M.; Dehghan-Banadaky, M.; Rezayazdi, K.; Hossein-Zadeh, Navid Ghavi

doi:10.1017/s0021859610001292

Cited by 15 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7, 2018 (Table 7). Others have reported increased (Janovick Guretzky et al, 2006 in the prepartum period; Elek et al, 2013;Amrutkar et al, 2015), decreased (Mohsen et al, 2011), or no effect (Janovick Guretzky et al, 2006 in the postpartum period; Xu et al, 2006;Ardalan et al, 2011) of RPC ion supplementation on circulating concentrations of TAG in dairy cows. This lack of agreement among laboratories may reflect different sampling times in relation to feeding, fewer samples collected than collected in the current experiment, and different amounts of fat intake.…”

Section: Fat Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feeding RPC ions increased plasma concentrations of TAG in dairy cows fed diets containing less than 3.5% ether extract on a DM basis (Janovick Guretzky et al, 2006, prepartum;Amrutkar et al, 2015). However, when diets contained more fat from whole cottonseed, supplementation of RPC ions had no effect on plasma TAG (Janovick Guretzky et al, 2006 postpartum;Xu et al, 2006;Ardalan et al, 2011). Therefore, the effect of RPC on influencing plasma TAG may depend on the intake of fat or the cow's energy status.…”

Section: Fat Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Feeding increasing amounts of ruminally protected choline decreased fatty liver in nonlactating, pregnant Holstein cows in negative energy status

Zenobi

Scheffler

Zuniga

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objectives were to determine the optimal feeding amount of choline in a ruminally protected form to reduce the triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration in liver and to increase TAG in blood plasma of dairy cows. Pregnant, nonlactating multiparous Holstein cows (n = 77) were blocked by body condition score (3.59 ± 0.33) and assigned to treatment at 64 ± 10 d before calculated calving date. Dietary treatments were top-dressing of 0, 30, 60, 90, or 120 g/d of ruminally protected choline (RPC; Balchem Corp., New Hampton, NY) ions to supply the equivalent of 0, 6.5, 12.9, 19.4, and 25.8 g/d of choline ions. Diets were formulated to exceed nutrient requirements for maintenance and pregnancy and fed in ad libitum amounts for the first 5 d. From d 6 to 15, cows were restricted to consume approximately 31% of their net energy requirements to simulate early lactating cows in negative energy balance. Methionine intake was maintained throughout each 15-d period. Liver was biopsied at 5 and 14 d and analyzed for TAG and glycogen. Blood was sampled on d 5 and 14 and plasma analyzed for glucose, insulin, cholesterol, β-hydroxybutyrate, long-chain fatty acids, and haptoglobin. On d 14, a mixture of saturated long-chain fatty acids, ground corn, and dried molasses (50:37:13) was offered (908 g, as-is basis) 10 h after the single daily feeding. Blood samples were collected for 19 h and plasma analyzed for TAG and cholesterol to assess apparent absorption of dietary fat. Mean dry matter intake and energy balance decreased from means of 9.5 to 3.3 kg/d and from 0.6 to -9.2 Mcal of net energy for lactation/d during the ad libitum and restricted feeding periods, respectively. Plasma concentrations of the lipid-soluble choline biomolecules, namely total phosphatidylcholines, total lysophosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelin, increased with choline supplementation. Feed restriction increased plasma concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate and free long-chain fatty acids, whereas those of glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol decreased. During feed restriction, concentration of hepatic TAG and plasma haptoglobin decreased linearly, whereas concentration of hepatic glycogen tended to increase quadratically with increasing intake of RPC. After fat supplementation, mean plasma concentration of TAG increased by an average of 21% with intake of RPC ions, peaking at intakes of ≥6.5 g/d of RPC ion. In summary, feeding RPC ions to cows in negative energy balance had increasing lipotropic effects on the liver when consumed up to 25.8 g/d, whereas feeding only 6.5 g/d increased concentrations of hepatic glycogen and TAG in the blood.

show abstract

Section: Fat Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fat Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding increasing amounts of ruminally protected choline decreased fatty liver in nonlactating, pregnant Holstein cows in negative energy status

Zenobi

Scheffler

Zuniga

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Methionine can provide methyl groups for the de novo synthesis of choline (via S-adenosylmethionine). Choline can be oxidized to betaine, with methyl transfer from homocysteine and then Met (Zeisel & Da Costa 2009;Ardalan et al, 2011). Maskaľová et al (2014) suggest the importance of evaluating RPM and choline in ruminants and experiments in various physiological statuses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of herbal choline and rumen-protected methionine on lamb performance and blood metabolites

Rodríguez-Guerrero¹,

Lizarazo

Ferraro³

et al. 2018

SA J. An. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Twenty-four lambs (Pelibuey x East Friesian), weighing 22.7 ± 3.2 kg, were fed a basal diet of corn silage, oat hay, alfalfa hay, and concentrate (60% forage and 40% concentrate). Treatments consisted of oral doses of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) (0 and 1.5 g/day) and herbal choline (biocholine) (0 and 4 g/day) in a completely random block design with factorial arrangement of treatments, where lambs were blocked by sex. The experiment was conducted for 60 days, and measurements of live weight and dry matter intake were obtained. No effects of the treatments were observed on performance variables (lamb growth, consumption and feed conversion). Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were increased by biocholine and unaffected by methionine (Met). Biocholine increased glucose and cholesterol, whereas methionine increased triglycerides, albumin and plasma protein. The dietary supplementation with biocholine and RPM did not improve lambs' growth; however, biocholine and Met showed a lipotropic effect by mobilizing NEFA and stimulating glucose and cholesterol synthesis. ______________________________________________________________________________________

show abstract

“…However, there are insufficient dose-response data to make a clear case for choline requirement in transition dairy cows. Notwithstanding, the ability to reduce liver TAG has been commonly reported when supplementing with 15 g of RPC/d (59,(61)(62)(63) . The effects of supplementary RPC on biochemical, reproductive and productive features of dairy cows are summarised in Tables 1, 2 and 3.…”

Section: Provision Of Choline In Transition Dairy Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, DMI was increased by 8•4 % in cows supplemented with 30 g of RPC/cow per d (7•5 g of choline chloride) in the first 12 weeks of lactation (90) . Ardalan et al (61) reported that feeding 60 g of RPC/cow per d (15 g choline chloride) from the time of calving until week 10 of lactation increased DMI (22•1 v. 18•9 kg/d), whereas feeding the same amount of choline before parturition was not associated with increased intake. An interaction between body condition score (BCS) and DMI was reported by Zahra et al (60) .…”

Section: Choline and Dm Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of rumen-protected choline in hepatic function and performance of transition dairy cows

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-producing dairy cows enter a period of negative energy balance during the first weeks of lactation. Energy intake is usually sufficient to cover the increase in energy requirements for fetal growth during the period before calving, but meeting the demand for energy is often difficult during the early stages of lactation. A catabolic state predominates during the transition period, leading to the mobilisation of energy reserves (NEFA and amino acids) that are utilised mainly by the liver and muscle. Increased uptake of mobilised NEFA by the liver, combined with the limited capacity of hepatocytes to either oxidise fatty acids for energy or to incorporate esterified fatty acids into VLDL results in fatty liver syndrome and ketosis. This metabolic disturbance can affect the general health, and it causes economic losses. Different nutritional strategies have been used to restrict negative effects associated with the energy challenge in transition cows. The provision of choline in the form of rumen-protected choline (RPC) can potentially improve liver function by increasing VLDL exportation from the liver. RPC increases gene expression of microsomal TAG transfer protein and APOB100 that are required for VLDL synthesis and secretion. Studies with RPC have looked at gene expression, metabolic hormones, metabolite profiles, milk production and postpartum reproduction. A reduction in liver fat and enhanced milk production has been observed with RPC supplementation. However, the effects of RPC on health and reproduction are equivocal, which could reflect the lack of sufficient dose-response studies.

show abstract

The effect of rumen-protected methionine and choline on plasma metabolites of Holstein dairy cows

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Feeding increasing amounts of ruminally protected choline decreased fatty liver in nonlactating, pregnant Holstein cows in negative energy status

Feeding increasing amounts of ruminally protected choline decreased fatty liver in nonlactating, pregnant Holstein cows in negative energy status

Effect of herbal choline and rumen-protected methionine on lamb performance and blood metabolites

The role of rumen-protected choline in hepatic function and performance of transition dairy cows

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About