The Effect of Rootstocks on the Fruit Characteristic Attributes of ‘Jonica’ Apples

Abstract

SummaryApples of 'Jonica' originated from mature trees grown on various vegetative rootstocks (M.9, M.26, P22, P 59 and P 60) were subjected to quality evaluations at harvest, after storage and after simulated shelf-life. Fruits were picked at optimum harvest date and stored accordingly to recommended in Poland for that cultivar conditions. At harvest, fruit with the highest flesh firmness were obtained from trees on P59, P22 and P60. The same effects of those rootstocks on providing higher firmness of fruits were observed after storage and additional shelf life period. Lower firmness values were noted in the case of fruit from trees on rootstocks M.9 and M.26, respectively. Total soluble contents of fruit from trees on P59, P22 were significantly higher than in the case of other rootstocks under study. Titratable acidity of fruits from trees on P59 and M.26 was higher than in fruits from other rootstocks.Dry matter of fruit from trees grown on rootstock P59 were the highest, followed by fruit from P22 and M.9 respectively. Physiological disorders (bitter pit and breakdown) were noted during post-storage phase if only M.9 and M.26 rootstocks were used. Weight loses during storage due to transpiration and respiration did not show the effect of rootstocks. The lowest shares of sound fruit after storage and after simulated shelf life period were observed for fruit from trees grafted on rootstock M.9.

Bitter pit in apples: pre- and postharvest factors: A review

“…'Jonagoldʼ and 'Elstarʼ showed higher incidence of bitter pit when grown on rootstock M26 than on M9 or P22 (Ben, 1995a). According to Skrzyński & Gąstoł (2007) the physiological disorders, such as bitter pit and flesh browning, were observed during storage when M9 and M26 rootstocks were used. The cultivar 'Fujiʼ grafted onto rootstock M26 showed a lower incidence of bitter pit as onto rootstock MM106 (Kim & Ko, 2004b).…”

Impacts of climate change on accumulated chill units at selected fruit production sites in South Africa

“…Rootstocks is one of the biotic factors influencing fruit quality (Skrzynski & Gastol, 2007) and may influence the performance of a scion (cultivar) such as bud break, time of flowering, fruit size, flesh firmness and the soluble solids concentration of the fruit (Brown et al, 1985;Autio et al, 2001;Jacobs & Cook, 2003). One of the most critical decisions for any producer when establishing an orchard is the selection of the rootstock-cultivar combination.…”