The effect of reversing current deposition on the apparent density of electrolytic copper powder

Popov, I Konstantin; Pavlovic, J Ljubica; Ivanovic, R Evica; Radmilovic, R Velimir; Pavlović, Gordána

doi:10.2298/jsc0201061p

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The properties defining the behaviour of the powders as collection of particles are known as the decisive characteristics, and they are: the specific surface, the apparent density, the flowability, and the particle size distribution (PSD) [9]. These properties have been analyzed in detail for electrolytically produced copper powders [23][24][25][26][27][28], and there is no data dealing with the analysis of Ag powders. In this study, regarding the high technological significance of Ag powders, we analyze the particle size distribution (PSD) of electrolytically and chemically produced powders, and correlate it with the morphology of the particles.…”

Section: J Min Metall Sect B-metall 54 (3) B (2018) 291 -300mentioning

confidence: 99%

The particle size distribution (PSD) as criteria for comparison of silver powders obtained by different methods of synthesis and by conditions of electrolysis

Avramović

Bugarin

Milanovic

et al. 2018

J min metall B Metall

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Silver powders produced by both electrochemical (galvanostatic (DC) and potentiostatic (POT) regimes of electrolysis) and chemical processes were examined by scanning electron microscope, and particle size distribution (PSD) of the obtained particles was done. In the DC regime, the current densities of-14.4 mA cm-2 for the nitrate (NIT; powder denoted with DC(NIT)) and-13.05 mA cm-2 for the ammonium (AM; DC(AM)) electrolytes were applied. In the POT regime, the used overpotentials were-90 mV (NIT(90)) and-150 mV (NIT(150)) for the nitrate, and-625 mV (AM(625)) and-925 mV (AM(925)) for the ammonium electrolytes. Reduction with hydrazine was used for chemical synthesis (powder denoted with HYD). On the basis of SEM and PSD analysis, Ag powders were grouped into three groups. In the first group DC(AM), AM(925) and HYD powders with the (8.4-8.9 %) volume ratios were placed. In the second group were AM(625) and DC(NIT) powders with the (6.5-6.6 %) volume ratios. NIT(90) and NIT(150) powders with the volume ratios of (5.2-5.7 %) made the third group. The obtained volume ratios were correlated with the morphology of synthesized particles in order to perceive advantages and lacks of powder production via electrochemical and chemical routes.

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Section: J Min Metall Sect B-metall 54 (3) B (2018) 291 -300mentioning

confidence: 99%

The particle size distribution (PSD) as criteria for comparison of silver powders obtained by different methods of synthesis and by conditions of electrolysis

Avramović

Bugarin

Milanovic

et al. 2018

J min metall B Metall

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“…The advantage of this method of synthesis can primarily be attributed to the fact that the shape and size of particles can be easily regulated by the choice of electrolysis regime and parameters [19]. The regimes, both constant (potentiostatic [20] and galvanostatic [21][22][23]) and periodically changing [19,[24][25][26], are used for the Cu synthesis in powder form. The electrolysis parameters that affect the final shape of the particles, are: the type and composition of electrolytes, presence of additives, temperature, type of cathode, electrolysis time, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Shape of Copper Powder Particles on the Crystal Structure and Some Decisive Characteristics of the Metal Powders

Avramović

Maksimović

Baščarević

et al. 2019

Metals

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Three different forms of Cu powder particles obtained by either galvanostatic electrolysis or a non-electrolytic method were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size distribution (PSD). Electrolytic procedures were performed under different hydrogen evolution conditions, leading to the formation of either 3D branched dendrites or disperse cauliflower-like particles. The third type of particles were compact agglomerates of the Cu grains, whose structural characteristics indicated that they were formed by a non-electrolytic method. Unlike the sharp tips that characterize the usual form of Cu dendrites, the ends of both the trunk and branches were globules in the formed dendrites, indicating that a novel type of Cu dendrites was formed in this investigation. Although the macro structures of the particles were extremely varied, they had very similar micro structures because they were constructed by spherical grains. The Cu crystallites were randomly oriented in the dendrites and compact agglomerates of the Cu grains, while the disperse cauliflower-like particles showed (220) and (311) preferred orientation. This indicates that the applied current density affects not only the morphology of the particles, but also their crystal structure. The best performance, defined by the largest specific surface area and the smallest particle size, was by the galvanostatically produced powder consisting of disperse cauliflower-like particles.

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“…From periodically changing regimes of electrolysis, the following regimes are used for Cu powder production: pulsating overpotential, 9,10 pulsating and reversing current regimes. 11,12 Although sulfate electrolytes are the most often used type of electrolytes, 1,5,10,12 some other types of electrolytes, such as nitrate, 13 are also used. Significant effects on the morphology of Cu powder particles can be achieved by the addition of specific substances, known as additives, to the electrolytes for Cu electrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overpotential controls a morphology of electrolytically produced copper dendritic forms

Nikolić

Živković

Pavlović

et al. 2019

JSCS

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The morphologies of copper dendritic forms obtained in both potentiostatic and galvanostatic regimes of electrolysis with various amounts of the electricity were analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. Irrespective of amount of passed electricity, 3D (three dimensional) pine-like dendrites with sharp tips were formed in the potentiostatic regime of electrolysis. On the other hand, the amount of passed electricity had a strong effect on the shape of the 3D pine-like dendrites formed in the galvanostatic regime of electrolysis. Dendrites with sharp tips were formed with smaller amount of passed electricity, while dendrites with globular tips were formed with larger amounts. The change in the shape of the galvanostatically synthesized 3D pine-like dendrites was explained by comparison with copper deposits obtained potentiostatically at overpotentials that corresponded to the final overpotentials during galvanostatic regime of electrolysis for the analyzed amounts of electricity. Based on the similarity of the obtained morphologies at the macro level, it was concluded that the overpotential plays a crucial role in the formation of the electrolytically synthesized dendrites and that the controlled conditions of electrolysis could represent a suitable way for a synthesis of spherical Cu particles by electrolysis.

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The effect of reversing current deposition on the apparent density of electrolytic copper powder

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

The particle size distribution (PSD) as criteria for comparison of silver powders obtained by different methods of synthesis and by conditions of electrolysis

The particle size distribution (PSD) as criteria for comparison of silver powders obtained by different methods of synthesis and by conditions of electrolysis

Influence of the Shape of Copper Powder Particles on the Crystal Structure and Some Decisive Characteristics of the Metal Powders

Overpotential controls a morphology of electrolytically produced copper dendritic forms

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