The Effect of Revegetation on the Small Bird Population in Arizona

Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Western Meadowlark

“…All sites were composed of 50-75% cool-season grasses, 7-27% legumes, and 8-23% forbs. Within shortgrass pastures of Arizona, Western Meadowlarks were absent from heavily grazed pastures where sheep had unlimited grazing access; they were common in moderately grazed pastures where sheep were kept at carrying capacity and where erosion by floodwater was controlled (Monson 1941). In Idaho, Western Meadowlarks nested in low numbers in ungrazed areas of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) or crested wheatgrass, and did not nest in grazed areas of these habitats (Reynolds and Trost 1980).…”

Status and management of neotropical migratory birds

“…*References for species indicated with an asterisk: Gleason (1978), Medin (1986), Monson (1941), Olson (1974), Page et al (1978}, Reynolds and Trost (1980, Rich (1986), Rich and Rothstein (1985), and Rotenberry and Knick (1992), Wiens (1985). Information is unavailable for other species, for which our categorizations are based on data about the effects of grazing on habitat characteristics, and known habitat requirements of the birds.…”