“…Third, COAs may be advantageous when there is reason to suspect problem behavior is maintained by escape—a commonly identified function for noncompliance and other problem behaviors occurring in the context of academic instruction (McKerchar & Abby, 2012). Because response effort has been shown to impact compliance in young children (e.g., Wilder, Fischetti, Myers, Leon-Enriquez, & Majdalany, 2013), escape alone can be insufficient to reinforce compliance or work completion as a higher effort alternative to problem behavior (Neef, Shade, & Miller, 1994). In the study by Quigley et al (2013), researchers designed an intervention in which the student chose between (a) working to earn access to adult attention and preferred items and (b) a break without access to these consequences.…”