The effect of reproductive compensation on recessive disorders within consanguineous human populations

Overall, Andrew; Ahmad, Murrium; Nichols, Richard A.

doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800090

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Reproductive compensation, which may occur if the culturally defined 'optimal' family size is less than the reproductive potential of the population, is one of the processes leading to reduced selection and purging. 6 Its occurrence should therefore depend on both environmental conditions and on the strength of selection. This includes variations in physiological condition and in gene expression occurring along an individual's reproductive period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 However, in modern societies, it appears that such an effect can hardly be assessed through its impact on productivity, owing to reproductive compensation. 5,6 Reproductive compensation refers to the replacement of offspring lost to genetic disorders. It has been suggested that the net productivity of those parents who have lost their offspring can be equal to, or even greater than, the population average.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of inbreeding on fertility in a pre-industrial population

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Little is known about the effects of inbreeding on reproduction in modern human societies. It appears indeed that biological effects are hidden by socioeconomic factors, which are the major determinants of fertility. It has been established, in particular, that socially induced reproductive compensation tends to homogenize the number of offspring per family in a given population. Besides, in the field of evolutionary biology, a number of empirical and theoretical studies have shown that the effects of inbreeding are condition dependent. In particular, theoretical developments on the evolution of senescence predict that the deleterious effects of inbreeding should increase with age. We rely on these developments to examine the effects of inbreeding on fertility in a cohort of Canadian women born in the late 19th century. The analysis does not allow for the detection of any effect of inbreeding on the overall number of offspring of women. However, results indicate that high levels of close father inbreeding are associated with a reduction of the productivity of parents during the second half of their reproductive period, as compared with the first half. We suggest that inbreeding depression affects reproduction in modern societies through an interaction with age.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of inbreeding on fertility in a pre-industrial population

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the case of death ascribed to recessive gene expression, besides increasing the numbers of subsequent births, reproductive compensation effectively reduces the rate at which recessive disease alleles are eliminated from the gene pool [48][49][50] . But even allowing for continuing marital endogamy and reproductive compensation, the marked reduction in mean family sizes that has occurred in Iran since the 1980s ( fig.…”

Section: Consanguinity Postnatal Mortality and The Prevalence Of Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consanguineous Marriage, Reproductive Behaviour and Postnatal Mortality in Contemporary Iran

Hosseini-Chavoshi

Abbasi-Shavazi²,

Bittles³

2014

Hum Hered

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence, types and socio-economic correlates of consanguineous marriages in Iran, and to gauge the extent to which consanguinity influenced fertility, pregnancy outcomes and the expression of genetic disorders in the present-day population. Methods: Data on the prevalence of consanguinity and birth outcomes in the first marriages of 5,515 women were abstracted from the 2005 Iran Low Fertility Study [Hosseini-Chavoshi et al: Fertility and Contraceptive Use Dynamics in Iran: Special Focus on Low Fertility Regions. Canberra, Australian National University, 2007]. The results of associated socio-economic variables were collated and assessed by Pearson's χ² analysis and logistic regression. Results: Overall, 37.4% of the marriages were consanguineous (α = 0.0149), but with major differences between 4 representative populations. Consanguinity was higher among rural couples, older marriage cohorts, women marrying at a younger age, and women with lower levels of formal education. In general, consanguineous couples had higher mean numbers of pregnancies, live births and surviving children. Conclusions: Given declining family sizes, a rapid urbanization and increased educational and employment opportunities, it seems inevitable that consanguineous marriages will decline in prevalence in Iran, albeit more slowly in more traditional rural communities. Predictably, there will be a concomitant reduction in the incidence of recessive genetic disorders, but this is against a background transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases.

show abstract

“…A detailed review of the outcomes of consanguineous offspring and its relevance to clinical genetics is given by Bittles (2001). Substructure within populations can also lead to a localised increase in the frequency of a recessive allele, and hence disorder (Heinisch et al 1995;Bittles, 2001), but there are important differences with the case of consanguinity (Overall et al 2002). In a subdivided population, genetic drift and founder events can elevate the local frequency of deleterious alleles, especially in societies that have strongly endogamous kinship groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Consanguinity and Social Structure Within the UK Asian Population Using Microsatellite Data

Overall

Ahmad

Thomas

et al. 2003

Annals of Human Genetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryWe analysed microsatellite genotypes sampled from the Pakistani and Indian communities in Nottingham, UK, to investigate the genetic consequences of substructuring mediated by traditional marriage customs. The application of a recently developed likelihood approach identified significant levels of population substructure within the Pakistani community as a whole, as well as within the finer divisions of castes and biradheri. In addition, high levels of cryptic or unacknowledged consanguinity were detected within subgroups of this community, including biradheri. The Indian sample showed no significant evidence of either substructure or consanguinity. We demonstrate that estimates of disease gene frequencies can be inaccurate unless they are made jointly with estimates of population substructure and consanguinity ((θ ≡ F ST ) and C). The magnitude of these estimates also highlights the importance of accounting for the finer scale of social structuring when making decisions regarding the risk of recessive disorders in offspring.

show abstract

The effect of reproductive compensation on recessive disorders within consanguineous human populations

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of inbreeding on fertility in a pre-industrial population

Impact of inbreeding on fertility in a pre-industrial population

Consanguineous Marriage, Reproductive Behaviour and Postnatal Mortality in Contemporary Iran

An Analysis of Consanguinity and Social Structure Within the UK Asian Population Using Microsatellite Data

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About