The effect of repetitive saccade execution on the attention network test: Enhancing executive function with a flick of the eyes

Edlin, James M.; Lyle, Keith B.

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2012.12.006

Cited by 38 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Supporting our top-down attentional control hypothesis, we (Edlin & Lyle, 2013) recently obtained critical evidence that performance of the saccades task from SIRE studies increases subsequent top-down attentional control. We had subjects either perform the saccades task or maintain stationary fixation immediately before taking the revised attention network test (Fan et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…It was not the result of a ceiling effect, because, although we deemed Nrp (and Rp + ) items "easy" to retrieve compared to Rp− items, retrieval of the former was far from perfect. Instead, we propose that saccade execution potentiated top-down attentional control processes (Edlin & Lyle, 2013), which were mobilised primarily when episodic memories were difficult to access.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…We see this as analogous to the effect of saccade execution on the attention network test (Edlin & Lyle, 2013): Saccades potentiated attentional processes that brought the representation of the target arrow (or the targetcongruent response) into consciousness, despite the presence of distractors. The idea that topdown attention helps to bring information into consciousness is well established in perception (e.g., Kastner & Ungerleider, 2001;Mack & Rock, 1998).…”

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confidence: 65%

“…We (Edlin & Lyle, 2013) have proposed that the saccades task used in SIRE studies constitutes a minimal attentional control exercise. In this task (see the Method section for details), the visual target is a black circle that alternates between two fixed locations at a constant pace against a white background.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Why does saccade execution increase episodic memory retrieval? A test of the top-down attentional control hypothesis

Lyle

Edlin

2014

Memory

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Making repetitive saccadic eye movements has been found to increase subsequent episodic memory retrieval and also to increase subsequent top-down attentional control. We theorise that these effects are related such that saccade-induced changes in attentional processing facilitate memory retrieval. We tested this idea by examining the effect of saccade execution on retrieval conditions that differed in relative ease of consciously accessing episodic memories. Based on recent theories of episodic retrieval, we reasoned that there is a larger role for top-down attention when memories are more difficult to access. Consequently, we expected saccade execution to have a greater facilitative effect on retrieval when memories were more difficult to access. We obtained the expected result in a recall procedure in Experiment 1 and in a recognition procedure in Experiment 2. We also examined an individual difference factor--consistency of handedness--as a possible moderator of saccade execution effects on retrieval. We discuss how our top-down attentional control hypothesis can be extended to explain beneficial effects of saccade execution on other types of cognition, as well as negative effects on retrieval in some cases.

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confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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confidence: 65%

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confidence: 99%

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Why does saccade execution increase episodic memory retrieval? A test of the top-down attentional control hypothesis

Lyle

Edlin

2014

Memory

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“…From this perspective, individual differences in WM capacity do not exclusively reflect differences in the number of slots, rather they reveal how efficiently this storage capacity is used, which mainly depends on how well the items gaining access to WM can be voluntarily controlled (Awh & Vogel, 2008). Because of this mechanism, variance in WM capacity is partially caused by individual differences in executive attention processes (Engle, 2002;Kane, Bleckley, Conway, & Engle, 2001). This viewpoint is supported by multiple studies that suggest a tight link between memory capacity and control of attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Individual differences in working memory capacity and attentional control.

Hiebel¹,

Zimmer²

2015

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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Visual working memory (WM) has a very limited online capacity making it considerably important to control the gating of encoding into WM. Recent studies have suggested that attention control is of importance in doing so, especially the time needed to disengage. However, the disengagement mechanism operates on a later stage of processing after the initial selection of information has already been initiated. We assume that individual differences in WM capacity are also driven by individual variations in the voluntary engagement of attention. In 2 experiments we investigated whether individuals with high- and low-WM capacity differ in the efficiency and speed of this attention control process. We realised different versions of the task in which different amounts of attention control were necessary, a more automatically triggered allocation of attention and a voluntary initiation of attention engagement, respectively. We further manipulated the time course to look for differences in the latency of attention control. The results revealed that participants with low-WM capacity were less effective to exhibit voluntary attention control processes and they were also slower in doing so compared with high-WM capacity individuals. However, this effect seems to be partly moderated by the ability to update the current task set. If the trial structure did not require task set updating smaller individual differences involving WM capacity could be found.

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Saccade-induced retrieval enhancement and the recovery of perceptual item-specific information

2019

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Saccade Induced Retrieval Enhancement (SIRE) effects refer to the finding that memory can be enhanced when a short period of saccadic eye movements takes place prior to retrieval. Previous published work testifies to this eye-movement advantage but no work has yet examined if SIRE effects can be found when retrieval demands are high as a result of testing non-studied memoranda that are identical in name/conceptual codes, similar in perceptual features, but differ in terms of perceptualitem-specific information. The results indicate SIRE effects can be found under such conditions and are independent of encoding orientation (intentional vs. incidental). More particularly, SIRE effects manifested themselves in terms of the retrieval of item-specific detail and recollection (vs familiarity). In terms of the latter, recollection but not familiarity was enhanced by eye-movements. These findings are considered in the context of extant theories of SIRE and related research that has demonstrated post-encoding and pre-retrieval influence on cognition.

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The effect of repetitive saccade execution on the attention network test: Enhancing executive function with a flick of the eyes

Cited by 38 publications

References 51 publications

Why does saccade execution increase episodic memory retrieval? A test of the top-down attentional control hypothesis

Why does saccade execution increase episodic memory retrieval? A test of the top-down attentional control hypothesis

Individual differences in working memory capacity and attentional control.

Saccade-induced retrieval enhancement and the recovery of perceptual item-specific information

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