The effect of repeated nicotine administration on the performance of drug-naive rats in a five-choice serial reaction time task

Blondel, A.; Simon, H.; Dj, Sanger; Moser, Paul

doi:10.1097/00008877-199911000-00013

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast to a previous report (Blondel et al 1999), tolerance did not develop to the attention-enhancing effects of nicotine. Not only did these effects remain unaffected in rats that were chronically injected with a large dose of nicotine, but they also did not significantly change with weeks of nicotine-exposure.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In this paradigm, consistent attentional improvements with systemic nicotine have been reported in unlesioned rats (Mirza and Stolerman 1998;Hahn et al 2002). These improvements were obtained repeatedly in the same subjects, in contrast to earlier findings by Blondel et al (1999) where increases in response accuracy disappeared after the first administration of nicotine. Results from another study (Grottick and Higgins 2000) using the 5-CSRTT indicated that the effect was even greater after nicotine pre-exposure (daily injections of 0.2 mg/kg for 20 days or longer).…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nicotine-induced Attentional Enhancement in Rats Effects of Chronic Exposure to Nicotine

Hahn

Stolerman

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Consistent with human literature, previous studies identified attention-enhancing effects of nicotine in rats, using a 5-choice task. The present study addressed the influence of repeated exposure to nicotine on these effects. Over six weeks, the effects of nicotine (0.0, 0.05 and 0.2 mg/kg) given ten min before sessions were tested each week. In addition, rats were injected daily two hours after sessions. In the first week, when these post-session injections were of saline for all rats, presession nicotine had profound rate-disruptive effects at the larger dose. In weeks 2-6, when half the rats received postsession injections of saline and the other half of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg) Among the beneficial effects of nicotine on human cognitive performance, the most consistent findings have been on attention (Stolerman et al. 1995). Such effects have been reported in non-deprived smokers and non-smokers, suggesting that they were not just due to a mere alleviation of withdrawal-induced deficits (Wesnes and Warburton 1984;Foulds et al. 1996;. A range of therapeutic applications of nicotine may develop from this ability to improve attentional functions. Acutely administered nicotine has been shown to reduce performance deficits of patients with Alzheimer's disease in a task of sustained attention (Sahakian et al. 1989;Jones et al. 1992). There is also some indication that nicotine may be beneficial in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia (Levin et al. 1996a, b).A prerequisite for a chronic therapeutic use of nicotinic compounds as cognitive enhancers is that tolerance does not develop to the effects with repeated administration. When administered to Alzheimer's disease patients over four weeks via transdermal patches, nicotine reduced omission errors in the continuous performance task of attention over the entire course of the treatment (White and Levin 1999). These results are encouraging, but further systematic studies of how nicotine-induced attentional improvements develop with chronic administration are lacking. This may be due to ethical constraints in chronically exposing non-smokers to nicotine The effects of nicotine have been examined in several paradigms for assessing attention in rodents. The 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) requires rats to continuously monitor an array of five holes for the occurrence of brief flashes of light presented randomly in one of the locations. In this paradigm, consistent attentional improvements with systemic nicotine have been reported in unlesioned rats (Mirza and Stolerman 1998;Hahn et al. 2002). These improvements were obtained repeatedly in the same subjects, in contrast to earlier findings by Blondel et al. (1999) where increases in response accuracy disappeared after the first administration of nicotine. Results from another study (Grottick and Higgins 2000) using the 5-CSRTT indicated that the effect was even greater after nicotine pre-exposure (daily injections of 0.2 mg/kg for 20 days or longer).In a different attention task, requirin...

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

supporting

confidence: 88%

Nicotine-induced Attentional Enhancement in Rats Effects of Chronic Exposure to Nicotine

Hahn

Stolerman

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to the present data, Blondel et al (1999) reported sensitisation to the effects of chronic nicotine on inhibitory control. This discrepancy may be the result of differences in the schedules of nicotine administration, with sensitisation more likely to manifest following intermittent dosing schedules (Blondel et al 1999;see also Di Franza and Wellman 2007) and tolerance more commonly observed when the drug is administered repeatedly in close succession (present study; see also Benwell et al 1995).…”

Section: Effects Of Chronic Nicotinecontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Blondel et al 1999;Semenova et al 2007) but also supports the increase in disinhibition and impulsive choice following chronic treatment/self-administration with other psychostimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine (e.g. Jentsch et al 2002;Richards et al 1999;Winstanley et al 2009).…”

Section: Effects Of Chronic Nicotinementioning

confidence: 54%

“…Less well studied are the chronic effects of nicotine on impulsive behaviour. Although without initial effect, 7-day nicotine administration was found to increase anticipatory responding in a 5CSRTT (Blondel et al 1999). However, caution is warranted in that a concomitant decrease in response latency renders it difficult to dissociate nicotine's effects on inhibitory control from its effects on locomotor sensitisation (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of chronic nicotine, nicotine withdrawal and subsequent nicotine challenges on behavioural inhibition in rats

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drug-induced loss of inhibitory control may be critically involved both in the initial and later stages of addiction. Neuroadaptations occurring during chronic exposure to and/or withdrawal from nicotine render animals more sensitive to the disinhibitory effects of the drug. Longer-term changes in behaviour may play an important role in the increased susceptibility to relapse in those with a history of nicotine abuse.

show abstract

Nicotinic Receptors and Attention

Hahn

2015

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Facilitation of different attentional functions by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists may be of therapeutic potential in disease conditions such as Alzheimer's disease or schizophrenia. For this reason, the neuronal mechanisms underlying these effects have been the focus of research in humans and in preclinical models. Attention-enhancing effects of the nonselective nAChR agonist nicotine can be observed in human nonsmokers and in laboratory animals, suggesting that benefits go beyond a reversal of withdrawal deficits in smokers. The ultimate aim is to develop compounds acting with greater selectivity than nicotine at a subset of nAChRs, with an effects profile narrowly matching the targeted cognitive deficits and minimizing unwanted effects. To date, compounds tested clinically target the nAChR subtypes most abundant in the brain. To help pinpoint more selectively expressed subtypes critical for attention, studies have aimed at identifying the secondary neurotransmitter systems whose stimulation mediates the attention-enhancing properties of nicotine. Evidence indicates that noradrenaline and glutamate, but not dopamine release, are critical mediators. Thus, attention-enhancing nAChR agents could spare the system central to nicotine dependence. Neuroimaging studies suggest that nAChR agonists act on a variety of brain systems by enhancing activation, reducing activation, and enhancing deactivation by attention tasks. This supports the notion that effects on different attentional functions may be mediated by distinct central mechanisms, consistent with the fact that nAChRs interact with a multitude of brain sites and neurotransmitter systems. The challenge will be to achieve the optimal tone at the right subset of nAChR subtypes to modulate specific attentional functions, employing not just direct agonist properties, but also positive allosteric modulation and low-dose antagonism.

show abstract

The effect of repeated nicotine administration on the performance of drug-naive rats in a five-choice serial reaction time task

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Nicotine-induced Attentional Enhancement in Rats Effects of Chronic Exposure to Nicotine

Nicotine-induced Attentional Enhancement in Rats Effects of Chronic Exposure to Nicotine

Effects of chronic nicotine, nicotine withdrawal and subsequent nicotine challenges on behavioural inhibition in rats

Nicotinic Receptors and Attention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About