The effect of reloading on bone volume, osteoblast number, and osteoprogenitor characteristics: Studies in hind limb unloaded rats

Basso, N.; Jia, Yongheng; Bellows, C. G.; Heersche, J. N. M.

doi:10.1016/j.bone.2005.04.033

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This is supported also by results from young adult (4 months old) mice showing a 20% loss of trabecular bone after only 15-21 days of hindlimb suspension ). Significant differences between male or female animals are unlikely, because hindlimb unloading using the tail suspension model has induced similar effects in young male and female rats (6-weekold animals showing a 20-30% decrease in trabecular volume, thickness, and number; Chen et al, 1992;Basso et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histomorphometric and Densitometric Changes in the Femora of Spinal Cord Transected Mice

Picard

Lapointe

Brown

et al. 2008

The Anatomical Record

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads generally to significant bone tissue loss within a few months to a few years post-trauma. Although, increasing data from rat models are available to study the underlying mechanisms of SCI-associated bone loss, little is known about the extent and rapidity of bone tissue changes in mouse models of SCI. The objectives are to characterize and describe quantitatively femoral bone tissue changes during 1 month in adult paraplegic mice. Histomorphometric and densitometric measurements were performed in 3-to 4-month-old CD1 mice spinal cord transected at the low-thoracic level (Th9/10). We found a general decrease in bone volume (222%), trabecular thickness (210%), and trabecular number (214%) within 30 days post-transection. Dual-energy Xray absorptiometric measurements revealed no change in bone mineral density but a significant reduction (214%) in bone mineral content. These results show large structural changes occurring within only a few weeks post-spinal cord transection in the femora of adult mice. Given the increasing availability of genetic and molecular research tools for research in mice, this murine model may be useful to study further the cellular and molecular mechanisms of demineralization associated with SCI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histomorphometric and Densitometric Changes in the Femora of Spinal Cord Transected Mice

Picard

Lapointe

Brown

et al. 2008

The Anatomical Record

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“…The finding that osteoblastogenic differentiation was not altered by 7 days of ES was not expected and contrasts with the normalization of osteoblastogenic potential of bone marrow stromal cells after resuming bone loading following 2 weeks of tail suspension (41,42). A few possible mechanisms may be considered to explain this surprising finding.…”

Section: Effects Of Reloading By Es On Bone Mass Metabolism and Difmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In rats, reduced bone formation rates were associated with diminished ability of marrow stromal cells to proliferate and undergo osteoblastogenic differentiation after as little as 2 weeks of tail suspension; these abnormalities were normalized by reloading (41,42). Findings in our study that the potential of bone marrow stromal cells to differentiate into bone nodule-forming osteoblasts was reduced at 17 weeks after SCI suggest that, at later time points at least, there are defects in osteoblastogenic potential of marrow stromal cells after SCI, which resemble those observed with tail suspension.…”

Section: Effects Of Reloading By Es On Bone Mass Metabolism and Difmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Central Nervous System (CNS)-independent Anti-bone-resorptive Activity of Muscle Contraction and the Underlying Molecular and Cellular Signatures

Qin

Sun

Cao

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Mechanisms by which muscle regulates bone are poorly understood. Results: Electrically stimulated muscle contraction reversed elevations in bone resorption and increased Wnt signaling in bone-derived cells after spinal cord transection. Conclusion: Muscle contraction reduced resorption of unloaded bone independently of the CNS, through mechanical effects and, potentially, nonmechanical signals (e.g. myokines). Significance: The study provides new insights regarding muscle-bone interactions.

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“…97,98 Similar observations have been made following the isolation of MSCs from mice, 99 and reloading partially rescues deficits in MSC proliferation and differentiation. 100 In humans, skeletal unloading is associated with an increase in bone marrow adipocity which may represent an alteration in MSC differentiation. 101 Whether the behavior of MSCs is regulated by interstitial fluid flow in vivo remains unclear, but we and others have reported that MSCs are responsive to fluid flow in vitro.…”

Section: Fluid Flow In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

From streaming‐potentials to shear stress: 25 years of bone cell mechanotransduction

Riddle

Donahue

2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

128

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Mechanical loads are vital regulators of skeletal mass and architecture as evidenced by the increase in bone formation following the addition of exogenous loads and loss of bone mass following their removal. While our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which bone cells perceive changes in their mechanical environment has increased rapidly in recent years, much remains to be learned. Here, we outline the effects of interstitial fluid flow, a potent biophysical signal induced by the deformation of skeletal tissue in response to applied loads, on bone cell behavior. We focus on the molecular mechanisms by which bone cells are hypothesized to perceive interstitial fluid flow, the cell signaling cascades activated by fluid flow, and the use of this signal in tissue engineering protocols. ß

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The effect of reloading on bone volume, osteoblast number, and osteoprogenitor characteristics: Studies in hind limb unloaded rats

Cited by 59 publications

References 19 publications

Histomorphometric and Densitometric Changes in the Femora of Spinal Cord Transected Mice

Histomorphometric and Densitometric Changes in the Femora of Spinal Cord Transected Mice

The Central Nervous System (CNS)-independent Anti-bone-resorptive Activity of Muscle Contraction and the Underlying Molecular and Cellular Signatures

From streaming‐potentials to shear stress: 25 years of bone cell mechanotransduction

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