The Effect of Reaction Temperature on Retaining Oxirane Oxygen Contents in the Synthesis of Epoxidized Diethanolamides

Lee, Myeong Soo

doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.72.77

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is recommended for plasticization and stabilization for polymers such as PVC and limits color formation during processing [ 33 ]. It has minimum 9.0% oxirane oxygen, capable of effecting a ring opening reaction in elevated temperature [ 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surfactants on the Preparation of Nanocellulose-PLA Composites

2017

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Thermoplastic composite materials containing wood fibers are gaining increasing interest in the manufacturing industry. One approach is to use nano- or micro-size cellulosic fibrils as additives and to improve the mechanical properties obtainable with only small fibril loadings by exploiting the high aspect ratio and surface area of nanocellulose. In this study, we used four different wood cellulose-based materials in a thermoplastic polylactide (PLA) matrix: cellulose nanofibrils produced from softwood kraft pulp (CNF) and dissolving pulp (CNFSD), enzymatically prepared high-consistency nanocellulose (HefCel) and microcellulose (MC) together with long alkyl chain dispersion-improving agents. We observed increased impact strength with HefCel and MC addition of 5% and increased tensile strength with CNF addition of 3%. The addition of a reactive dispersion agent, epoxy-modified linseed oil, was found to be favorable in combination with HefCel and MC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surfactants on the Preparation of Nanocellulose-PLA Composites

2017

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“…The purpose of Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is to identify the functional group present in the sample [36]. In this study, the main purpose of the FTIR test was to detect the presence of an oxirane ring in the product after going through epoxidation [24].…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Resin Production through Ethylene Unsaturated Carbon Using Vegetable Oils

et al. 2020

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Bio-resins are bio-based materials derived from vegetable resources, especially from vegetable seed oils. It is widely known that bio-resources are renewable, highly available, and sustainable. Resins and most polymers are largely derived from petroleum-based sources that are known to pose chemical risks. Resins have practical applications in printing inks, plasticisers and diluents, as well as in coating materials. Vegetable oils possess a large number of oxirane groups, which are essential for epoxidation to occur, resulting in the production of bio-resins. This undeniably serves as a promising candidate for competing with fossil-fuel-derived petroleum-based products. Thus, the aim of this review paper is to highlight aspects related to the production of bio-resins, including the chemical route of vegetable oil epoxidation process and its influencing factors, the reaction kinetics, bio-resins and the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of bio-resins, along with their applications. The resins industry has seen some remarkable progress towards the commercialisation of several bio-resins originating from vegetable oils, such as soybean oil, castor oil, and linseed oil. This success has undoubtedly intensified further efforts in fields related to bio-resin applications. Research and development is ongoing with the aim of customising a feasible formulation for the synthesis of bio-resins with the desired properties for catering to various applications

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“…As the world progress, the industries are paying more attention to produce polyols from vegetable oil considering that petroleum is diminishing rapidly. Epoxidized diethanolamides as starting material of rigid polyurethane foam were prepared from epoxidized palm olein (Lee et al, 2009) In this study, fatty diethanolamides were synthesized from the mixture of Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Kernel Olein (RBDPKO o ) and Epoxidized Palm Olein (EPO o ) with Diethanolamine (DEA) reagent. The synthesized diethanolamides were mixture of epoxidized and non-epoxidized fatty acid diethanolamides ranging from C 8 -C 20 (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Epoxidized and Non-Epoxidized Fatty Diethanolamides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography

Lee¹,

Lee²

2010

American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

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Problem statement: This study was carried out for the characterization of epoxidized and non-epoxidized fatty diethanolamides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC). Approach: The fatty diethanolamides were synthesized by reacting 40% (w/w) of Epoxidized Palm Olein (EPO o) with 60% (w/w) Refined Bleached Deodorized Plam Kernel Olein (RBDPKO o) with Diethanolamine (DEA) at 110°C for 5 h. Results: The identities of the peaks were established by secondary standards that were derived from pure methyl esters. HPLC separated major non-epoxidized diethanolamide compounds, namely C 10:0 , C 12:0 , C 14:0 , C 16:O , C 18:1 and C 18:0 and the molecular weights of the compounds were dentified by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Conclusion: GC provided a more complete separation for the non-epoxidized diethanolamides, epoxidized diethanolamides, glycerol, Diethanolamine (DEA) and some minor compounds from the self-condensation of DEA and diethanolamides. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) elucidated the chemical structure of the epoxidized diethanolamides.

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The Effect of Reaction Temperature on Retaining Oxirane Oxygen Contents in the Synthesis of Epoxidized Diethanolamides

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of Surfactants on the Preparation of Nanocellulose-PLA Composites

Effects of Surfactants on the Preparation of Nanocellulose-PLA Composites

Bio-Resin Production through Ethylene Unsaturated Carbon Using Vegetable Oils

Characterization of Epoxidized and Non-Epoxidized Fatty Diethanolamides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography

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