The effect of pyrite catalyst on the hydroliquefaction of Göynük (Turkey) oil shale in the presence of toluene

Metecan, İ.Hakkı; Sağlam, Mehmet; Yanık, Jale; Ballice, Levent; Yüksel, Mithat

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(98)00182-3

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This result shows that removal of material soluble in HNO 3 did not affect VHR yield. This result was similar to the study by Metecan et al [15]. Surprisingly, Karayildirim et al [11] found that elimination of carbonates did not change activation energy of Göynük oil shale pyrolysis while studying the effect of demineralization.…”

Section: Fig 1 Volatile Fraction Of Hydrocarbons Recovered From Gossupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Mineral Matter on Product Yield and Composition at Isothermal Pyrolysis of Turkish Oil Shales

Sert¹,

Ballice²,

Yüksel³

et al. 2009

Oil Shale

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This study was aimed to investigate the effect of mineral matter of Göynük oil shales (GOS) on pyrolysis and product evolution. Organic part was separated from mineral matter before pyrolysis in an isothermal pyrolysis reactor. In the demineralization step, carbonate, pyrite and silicates were removed from kerogen by using HCl, HNO 3 and HF, respectively. Thereafter all samples were pyrolized in an isothermal pyrolysis apparatus. The temperatures for pyrolysis experiments were 450, 500, 550, 600, 650 °C. Recoveries of volatiles and total hydrocarbons increased with increasing temperature. At pyrolysis of silicate-free oil shale (GOS-F), volatile hydrocarbon recovery (VHR) increased nearly by 10 wt.% as compared with VHR from raw oil shale sample (GOS-R) at each pyrolysis temperature. Carbon content of solid residue was also calculated. The effect of mineral content of oil shale on product yield and composition was determined by establishing carbon balance in the reactor. The amount of solid residue decreased as a function of demineralization degree. The pyrolysis reaction in the presence of silicate mineral showed the catalytic effect of silicate minerals aiding coking reactions, and carbon deposition decreased averagely by 20 wt.% in silicatefree oil shale compared with the value for GOS-R at each temperature.

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Section: Fig 1 Volatile Fraction Of Hydrocarbons Recovered From Gossupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Mineral Matter on Product Yield and Composition at Isothermal Pyrolysis of Turkish Oil Shales

Sert¹,

Ballice²,

Yüksel³

et al. 2009

Oil Shale

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“…The work of Metecan et al [5] indicated that the pyrite had little effect on the extraction of shale oil for pyrolysis of Göynük (Turkey) oil shale. Williams and Chishti [6] studied the effect of zeolite catalysts, the results exhibited that the use of catalysts markedly decreased the overall content of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) in the derived Pakistan shale oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pyrolysis condition and transition metal salt on the product yield and characterization via Huadian oil shale pyrolysis

Jiang

Lee

Cheng

et al. 2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…Three of the largest reserves are Goynuk-Bolu at 2.5 Bt, Beypazari-Ankara at 1 Bt, and Seyitomer-Kutahya at 1 Bt (Metecan et al, 1999).…”

Section: A Hepbaslimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ballice et al (1997) used a fixed-bed reactor to pyrolyze small samples of Göynük OS particles under an inert gas flow (argon). The maximum product release temperature was found to be 440 • C. Metecan et al (1999) have investigated the hydroliquefaction of Göynük OS with/ without a catalyst in the presence of supercritical toluene. They reported that by noncatalytic hydroliquefaction, the maximum conversion and yield of extract was reached at 400 • C, while the pyrite catalyst indicated no noticeable effect on conversion and extract yield.…”

Section: (A) Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil Shale as an Alternative Energy Source

Hepbaşlı

2004

Energy Sources

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Oil shale (OS) is one of the world's most important energy resources, and its use can be traced back to ancient times. The objective of this study is to investigate many aspects of OS as an alternative energy source inTurkey, giving Turkey's OS deposits, the history of oil in Turkey, and some studies conducted to evaluate OSs. Research into the utilization of Turkish OSs has been going on since the 1970s, while OSs comprise the second largest solid fuel deposit in Turkey after lignites. OS deposits in Turkey are widely distributed in middle and western Anatolia, with an estimated current reserve of approximately 1,865 million tons. Other potential areas in the north Anatolian fault zone are also under investigation. With the continuing decline of petroleum supplies, accompanied by increasing costs of petroleum-based products, OS may present opportunities for supplying some of Turkey's fossil energy needs in the years ahead.Imports supply more than 60% of the energy requirement of Turkey, although Turkey produces and consumes all kinds of energy resources. In 1999, primary energy (PE) consumption was 76.6 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe), while production was 27.1 Mtoe, and only 35% of demand was met by domestic sources. The energy demand will continue to depend on imported energy in the coming years, more so than at present, for instance, 72% and 76% in 2010 and 2020, respectively (Ediger and Tatlidil, 2002.PE resources that are produced in Turkey are hard coal, lignite, asphaltite, petroleum, natural gas, hydroelectric energy, and geothermal energy. The PE production in Turkey increased by about 8.9%, and the total PE supply increased by 6.2% in 1997. The installed energy capacity of Turkey reached about 21.8 GW in 1997. Turkey's natural energy resources are quite diversified; hard coal, lignite, asphaltite, oil, natural gas, hydro, geothermal, wood, animal and plant wastes, solar, and secondary energy resources, such as coke and briquettes, are produced and consumed. Although Turkey's oil and natural gas reserves seem limited, coal reserves are quite abundant (Demirbaş, 2002).OSs comprise the second largest solid fuel reserve in Turkey, after lignites, with reserves totaling approximately 5 billion tons (Bt) in 7 areas in western and central

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The effect of pyrite catalyst on the hydroliquefaction of Göynük (Turkey) oil shale in the presence of toluene

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Mineral Matter on Product Yield and Composition at Isothermal Pyrolysis of Turkish Oil Shales

Effect of Mineral Matter on Product Yield and Composition at Isothermal Pyrolysis of Turkish Oil Shales

Influence of pyrolysis condition and transition metal salt on the product yield and characterization via Huadian oil shale pyrolysis

Oil Shale as an Alternative Energy Source

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