The Effect of Pulping Process Variable and Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching on the Quality of Oil Palm Trunk Pulp

Pratiwi, Wieke; Sugiharto, Andoyo; Sugesty, Susi

doi:10.25269/jsel.v8i02.218

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Generally for oil palm biomass, the constituents are cellulose (44%-54%), hemicellulose (21%-34%), and lignin (10%-25%) (Akhlisah et al, 2021;Diyanilla et al, 2020;Loh, 2017). The high carbohydrate content of this type of biomass (>55%) offers very promising potential in bioconversion technologies (Ishak et al, 2019;Pratiwi et al, 2018).…”

Section: P R E S Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects and State-of-the-Art in Production of Bio-Based Succinic Acid From Oil Palm Trunk

BUKHARI¹

2023

JOPR

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Bio-based chemicals possess enormous market potential in realising a circular economy. Industrially, succinic acid (SA) is an important precursor for the establishment of a sustainable biochemical industry. This article reviews the potential of oil palm trunk (OPT) for SA production, from bioconversion aspects such as biomass pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation, to technological advancement and process economics, assisted by Actinobacillus succinogenes. For commercial SA exploitation, the focus should be on finding cheap biomass feedstock and optimising unit processes either for a partial or total displacement of expensive chemical paths during fermentation. OPT has been hailed as a viable candidate for the cost-effective production of SA, given its nutrient-and carbohydrate-rich sap and bagasse for improving the intended pretreatment and hydrolysis technologies. Type of operating modes, process configurations and fermentation factors concerning medium, substrate and culture have been identified as keys for advancing SA production from OPT in recent years. Lastly, the potential of OPT as part of a biorefinery feedstock for multiple bioconversion towards effective environmental management is designed to put forth the vision of a circular economy in the palm oil industry.

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Section: P R E S Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects and State-of-the-Art in Production of Bio-Based Succinic Acid From Oil Palm Trunk

BUKHARI¹

2023

JOPR

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“…We could not sample the oil-palm stems (Fig. 1b) and therefore refer to Pratiwi et al (2018). They quantified SiO2 concentrations of oil-palm stems in Malaysia, which we converted into Si concentrations.…”

Section: Study Design and Plant Sampling 115mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduces the need to buy industrial fertilizers and avoids any costs and carbon dioxide emissions related to the transport of the stems. Selling the biomass waste for industrial purposes and the production of building materials (e.g., gypsum composites and wood fibre alternatives) (Pratiwi et al, 2018;Selamat et al, 2019) or for paper production (Pratiwi et al, 2018) would mean that farmers would have to compensate for the nutrient export from their plantations by buying more industrial fertilizers. In addition, both the transport of the palm stems from the plantations and the transport of fertilizers to the plantations would involve costs and carbon dioxide emissions.…”

Section: Identified Si Storage Cycling and Losses On Smallholder Oil-...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating oil-palm Si storage, Si return to soils and Si losses through harvest in smallholder oil-palm plantations of Sumatra, Indonesia

Greenshields¹,

Lühe²,

Schwarz³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Silicon (Si) is known to have multiple beneficial effects on crops. Most plant-available Si in soils is provided through litter decomposition and subsequent phytolith dissolution, especially in strongly desilicated tropical soils. The importance of Si cycling in tropical soil-plant systems raised the question if oil-palm cultivation, the oil palm being a Si-accumulating crop, alters Si cycling. As Si accumulates in plant tissue, we hypothesized that i) Si is stored in the aboveground biomass of oil palms with time, and that ii) the system might lose considerable amounts of Si every year through fruit-bunch harvest. To test these hypotheses, we sampled leaflets, the rachis, fruit-bunch stalk, fruit pulp, kernels and frond bases from mature oil palms planted on well-drained and temporarily flooded riparian smallholder oil-palm plantations (n = 4 each) in lowland Sumatra, Indonesia. We quantified Si concentrations of these oil-palm parts by NaCO3 extraction. We further estimated Si storage in the total above-ground biomass of the oil palms, Si return to soils through decomposing pruned palm fronds, and Si losses from the system through harvest, to assess if Si return to soils via pruned palm fronds sufficed for maintaining Si cycling in the system, or if any measures are needed to compensate for Si export through fruit-bunch harvest. At all sites, leaflets of oil-palm fronds had a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) mean Si concentration (≥ 1 wt. %) than the rachis, frond base, fruit-bunch stalk, fruit pulp and kernel (≤ 0.5 wt. %). All analysed oil-palm parts had a Si/Ca weight ratio ≥ 1, except for the rachis. At well-drained sites, mean Si concentrations in leaflets increased with palm-frond age (R² = 0.98). Estimates of Si storage in the total above-ground biomass of oil palms, Si return to soils through decomposing pruned palm fronds, and Si losses through harvest were similar at well-drained and riparian sites: a single palm tree could store about 4–5 kg of Si in its total above-ground biomass, a smallholder oil-palm plantation of 1 hectare could store about 550 kg of Si in the palm trees’ above-ground biomass. Pruned palm fronds were estimated to return 110–131 kg of Si per hectare to topsoils each year. Fruit-bunch harvest corresponded to an annual Si export of 32–72 kg Si per hectare in 2015 and 2018. Thus, on smallholder plantations in our study area, more Si can be returned to soils through pruned palm fronds than is lost through fruit-bunch harvest. Greater Si losses would occur if oil-palm stems were removed from plantations prior to replanting. Therefore, it is advisable to leave oil-palm stems on the plantations e.g., by distributing chipped stem parts across the plantation at the end of a plantation cycle (~25 years). This would return about 550 kg ha-1 Si stored in the palm trees’ above-ground biomass to the soils.

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“…We did not have the opportunity to sample oil-palm stems (Fig. 4.1b) and therefore used data of Pratiwi et al (2018) In well-drained areas, we additionally assessed how Si accumulated with leaf age. For this purpose, we sampled leaflets from two additional mature palm fronds, i.e., frond no.…”

Section: Study Design and Plant Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduces the need to buy industrial fertilizers and avoids any costs and carbon dioxide emissions related to the transport of the stems. Selling the biomass waste for industrial purposes, the production of building materials (e.g., gypsum composites and wood fibre alternatives) (Selamat et al, 2019;Pratiwi et al, 2018;Dungani et al, 2013) or for paper production (Pratiwi et al, 2018) would mean that farmers would have to compensate for the nutrient export from their plantations by buying more industrial fertilizers. In addition, both the transport of the palm stems from the plantations and the transport of fertilizers to the plantations would involve costs and carbon dioxide emissions.…”

Section: Favourable Management Practices Using Stem Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of rainforest transformation into oil-palm plantations on silicon pools in soils

Greenshields¹

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Barbara von der Lühe for supervising my doctoral thesis and for trusting me as a geologist, to research in tropical soil science. I really enjoyed the practical teachings in the field and laboratory, learning about soils and interacting environmental processes. Special thanks to Dr. Barbara von der Lühe for her continuous support and open discussions about the research work. My thanks also go to my thesis referees, Prof. Dr. Daniela Sauer and Prof. em. Dr. Gerhard Gerold, as well as my thesis advisory committee, Prof. Dr. Daniela Sauer, Dr. Barbara von der Lühe and Dr. Marife Corre for providing guidance throughout the PhD. My sincere thanks to Prof.

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The Effect of Pulping Process Variable and Elemental Chlorine Free Bleaching on the Quality of Oil Palm Trunk Pulp

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Prospects and State-of-the-Art in Production of Bio-Based Succinic Acid From Oil Palm Trunk

Prospects and State-of-the-Art in Production of Bio-Based Succinic Acid From Oil Palm Trunk

Estimating oil-palm Si storage, Si return to soils and Si losses through harvest in smallholder oil-palm plantations of Sumatra, Indonesia

Impacts of rainforest transformation into oil-palm plantations on silicon pools in soils

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