The effect of process parameters on the morphology of polypyrrole coatings formed on carbon fibers

Abstract

Polypyrrole coatings have been electropolymerized onto carbon fibers. Several process parameters, including the type of electrolyte, the monomer concentration, the electrolyte concentration, the applied voltage, and the electropolymerization time were systematically varied, and their effect on the morphology and composition of the coatings assessed. The SEM micrographs of the coated samples revealed several distinguishable morphologies. The presence of the counterion, derived from the electrolyte, in the coatings was confirmed by EDAX analysis, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. The doping and formation of the polypyrrole coatings occurred concuriently. The morphology of the coatings was greatly influenced by the type of electrolyte, electrolyte concentration, and the applied voltage.

The effect of polymer morphology on the performance of a corrosion inhibiting polypyrrole/aluminum flake composite pigment

“…1, appeared fairly smooth. In the preparation of CPs, synthesis parameters such as the dopant anion, pH of the solution, temperature of reaction, method of synthesis, and nature of solvent can affect the final morphology of CPs [45][46][47][48][49][50]. The surface morphology of CPs plays an important role in their electrochemical responses and doping-undoping behavior [51].…”

“…The PPy was likely able to maintain its structure after solvent washing and grinding in a mortar and pestle due to its stiff, inflexible chains and insoluble nature in commonly used solvents [53]. Changes in the surface morphology due to different solvents can be influenced by the concentration and type of solvent present in the reaction mixture [46,47]. The combination of organic solvents and water has been shown to lead to thicker and denser films of CPs [54].…”

Highly Oleophobic Properties of PEDOP Polymers with Short Perfluorobutyl Chains Separated by Long Alkyl Spacers and Amido Connectors

“…Because of the exceptional results obtained with this polymer, a more complete study of the influence of the electrolyte on the surface properties was realized. Indeed, it is known that the electrolyte can affect the surface morphology and as a consequence the surface wettability . Here, four other electrolytes were chosen: bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (Li + (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N − ), tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (Bu 4 N + ClO 4 − ), tetrabutylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Bu 4 N + CF 3 SO 3 − ), tetrabutylammonium nonafluorobutanesulfonate (Bu 4 N + C 4 F 9 SO 3 − ).…”

“…Indeed, it is known that the electrolyte can affect the surface morphology and as a consequence the surface wettability. [22][23][24][25] Here, four other electrolytes were chosen: bis(trifl uoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (Li + (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N − ), tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (Bu 4 N + ClO 4 − ), tetrabutylammonium trifl uoromethanesulfonate (Bu 4 N + CF 3 SO 3 − ), tetrabutylammonium nonafl uorobutanesulfonate (Bu 4 N + C 4 F 9 SO 3 − ). Table 1 gathers the contact angles as a function of the electrolyte.…”

Influence of the preparation conditions on the properties of electropolymerised polypyrrole

“…deposition current or potential, electrolyte composition) the material was prepared under (e.g. The influence of process parameters on the morphology of the film has been studied [22]. Parameters employed during deposition on steel, which are affected by the less than noble properties of the metal, have been studied [19].…”