The Effect of Pretreatment of Saliva on Steroid Hormone Concentrations

Meulenberg, Eline P.; Hofman, J

doi:10.1515/cclm.1990.28.12.923

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Cortisol secretion can be affected by circadian rhythms, physical activity, food consumption, smoking, caffeine, alcohol, and steroid medications (63)(64)(65)(66)(67). None of the participants smoked or consumed alcohol.…”

Section: Confounding Factors and Cortisol Standardizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol levels and very early pregnancy loss in humans

Nepomnaschy

Welch

McConnell

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

279

197

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Maternal stress is commonly cited as an important risk factor for spontaneous abortion. For humans, however, there is little physiological evidence linking miscarriage to stress. This lack of evidence may be attributable to a paucity of research on maternal stress during the earliest gestational stages. Most human studies have focused on ''clinical'' pregnancy (>6 weeks after the last menstrual period). The majority of miscarriages, however, occur earlier, within the first 3 weeks after conception (Ϸ5 weeks after the last menstrual period). Studies focused on clinical pregnancy thus miss the most critical period for pregnancy continuance. We examined the association between miscarriage and levels of maternal urinary cortisol during the first 3 weeks after conception. Pregnancies characterized by increased maternal cortisol during this period (within participant analyses) were more likely to result in spontaneous abortion (P < 0.05). This evidence links increased levels in this stress marker with a higher risk of early pregnancy loss in humans.stress ͉ miscarriage ͉ placentation ͉ fetomaternal conflict ͉ evolutionary theory

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Section: Confounding Factors and Cortisol Standardizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol levels and very early pregnancy loss in humans

Nepomnaschy

Welch

McConnell

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

279

197

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“…Cortisol secretion can be affected by circadian rhythms, physical activity, food consumption, smoking, caffeine, alcohol, and steroid medications [26–28]. None of our participants smoked or consumed alcohol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental tobacco smoke and stress as risk factors for miscarriage and preterm births

Arffin

Al-Bayaty

Hassan

2012

Arch Gynecol Obstet

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Back groundExposure of pregnant women to environmental tobacco smoke has been shown to be associated with low birth weight. Many studies have suggested that stress have a role in the etiology of preterm birth.AimsThis study carried out from June 2008 to March 2009 to find the relation between environmental tobacco smoke, stress and miscarriage and preterm births.MethodsA total of 33 subjects consisted of multiparous pregnant women that were in their early third trimester were chosen for this investigation. Subjects were divided into test group women with adverse pregnancy outcome, control group women with successful pregnancy. Four ml of unstimulated whole saliva were collected. The concentrations of cotinine and cortisol were evaluated using commercially available ELISA kit.ResultsPregnancies in which the average standardized cortisol during history of previous miscarriage(s) which occurred within 6th–27th week or/and history of preterm labor which occurred within 28th–36th weeks of gestation, demonstrated higher cortisol level (1.0201 ± 0.1855 ng/ml) compared to control group 0.9757 ± 0.2860 ng/ml (P = 0.323); statistical analysis showed no significant differences. Women of control group were more likely to be environmental tobacco smoke exposed (1.2714 ± 1.7639 ng/ml) than women with miscarriage and preterm births (0.9889 ± 0.5498 ng/ml).ConclusionThe results from this primarily study demonstrated no association between cotinine, cortisol, miscarriage and preterm births.

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“…By centrifugation of the thawed samples prior to analysis, the salivary liquid is transferred to the outer tube. Saliva samples which on inspection are contaminated with blood are excluded from the analysis (29). No.…”

Section: Testosterone Antiserummentioning

confidence: 99%

A Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay for the Measurement of Testosterone in Saliva: Monitoring of Testosterone Replacement Therapy with Testosterone Buciclate

Tschöp¹,

Behre²,

Nieschlag³

et al. 1998

CCLM

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Monitoring of testosterone replacement therapy requires a reliable method for testosterone measurement. Determination of salivary testosterone, which reflects the hormone's biologically active plasma fraction, is a superior technique for this purpose. The aim of the present study was to establish a new sensitive time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for the accurate measurement of testosterone levels in saliva and to validate it by monitoring testosterone replacement therapy in eight hypogonadal men.A clinical phase I-study with the new ester testosterone buciclate was performed to search for new testosterone preparations to produce constant serum levels in the therapy of male hypogonadism. After two control examinations eight male patients with primary hypogonadism were randomly assigned to two treatment groups (n= 2x4) and given single doses of either 200 mg (group I) or 600 mg (group II) testosterone buciclate intramuscularly. Saliva and blood samples were obtained 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days post injection and then weekly for three months.The time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for salivary testosterone shows a detection limit of 16 pmol/l, an intra-assay CV of 8.9 % (at a testosterone concentration of 302 pmol/l), an inter-assay CV of 8.7 % (at a testosterone concentration of 305 pmol/l) and a good correlation with an established radioimmunsassay of r=0.89. The sample volume required by this method is only 180 µl for extraction and duplicate determination. The assay procedure requires no more than three hours.In group I (200 mg) testosterone did not increase to normal levels either in saliva or in serum. However, in group II, androgen levels increased significantly and were maintained in the normal range for up to 12 weeks with maximal salivary testosterone levels of 303 ±18 pmol/l (mean±SE) and maximal testosterone levels of 13.1 ±0.9 nmol/l (mean±SE) in serum in study week 6 and 7.The time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for salivary testosterone provides a useful tool for monitoring androgen status in men and women and is well suited for the follow-up of testosterone replacement therapy on an outpatient basis. The long-acting ester testosterone buciclate is a promising agent for substitution therapy of male hypogonadism and in combination with testosterone monitoring in saliva offers an interesting new perspective for male contraception.

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The Effect of Pretreatment of Saliva on Steroid Hormone Concentrations

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Cortisol levels and very early pregnancy loss in humans

Cortisol levels and very early pregnancy loss in humans

Environmental tobacco smoke and stress as risk factors for miscarriage and preterm births

A Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay for the Measurement of Testosterone in Saliva: Monitoring of Testosterone Replacement Therapy with Testosterone Buciclate

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