The effect of preterm birth, recurrent laryngeal nerve lesion, and postnatal maturation on hyoid and thyroid movements, and their coordination in infant feeding

Mayerl, Christopher J.; Catchpole, Emily; Edmonds, Chloe E; Gould, François D. H.; McGrattan, Katlyn; Bond, Laura E.; Stricklen, Bethany M.; German, Rebecca Z.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109786

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Our results support recent work that implies that preterm birth impacts the coordination between structures more so than the movements of isolated structures ( Catchpole et al. 2020 ; Mayerl et al. 2020b ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Animals utilized in this study were part of a larger study on determining the effects of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lesion and preterm birth on infant feeding performance ( Mayerl et al. 2020a , 2020b ). Shortly after birth, each animal was randomly assigned to one of two groups: the control group or the treatment (lesion) group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2020 ). By the time infant pigs reach 7 days postnatal, mass differences between term and preterm infants used in this experiment are negligible and do not require an adjustment for body size ( Mayerl et al. 2020b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2020 ; Mayerl et al. 2019 , 2020b ), and to coordinate the swallow with respiration ( Gewolb and Vice 2006 ; Lau et al. 2007 ; Mayerl et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Edmonds

Catchpole

Gould

et al. 2020

Integrative Organismal Biology

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Swallowing in mammals requires the precise coordination of multiple oropharyngeal structures, including the palatopharyngeal arch. During a typical swallow, the activity of the palatopharyngeus muscle produces pharyngeal shortening to assist in producing pressure required to swallow and may initiate epiglottal flipping to protect the airway. Most research on the role of the palatopharyngeal arch in swallowing has used pharyngeal manometry, which measures the relative pressures in the oropharynx, but does not quantify the movements of the structures involved in swallowing. In this study, we assessed palatopharyngeal arch and soft palate function by comparing their movements in a healthy population to a pathophysiological population longitudinally through infancy (term versus preterm pigs). In doing so, we test the impact of birth status, postnatal maturation and their interaction on swallowing. We tracked the three-dimensional movements of radiopaque beads implanted into relevant anatomical structures and recorded feeding via biplanar high-speed videofluoroscopy. We then calculated the total three-dimensional excursion of the arch and soft palate, the orientation of arch movement, and the timing of maximal arch constriction during each swallow. Soft palate excursion was greater in term infants at both seven and 17 days postnatal, whereas arch excursion was largely unaffected by birth status. Maximal arch constriction occurred much earlier in preterm pigs relative to term pigs, a result that was consistent across age. There was no effect of postnatal age on arch or soft palate excursion. Preterm and term infants differed in their orientation of arch movement, which most likely reflects both differences in anatomy and differences in feeding posture. Our results suggest that the timing and coordination of oropharyngeal movements may be more important to feeding performance than the movements of isolated structures, and that differences in the neural control of swallowing and its maturation in preterm and term infants may explain preterm swallowing deficits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2020 ; Mayerl et al. 2019 , 2020b ), and to coordinate the swallow with respiration ( Gewolb and Vice 2006 ; Lau et al. 2007 ; Mayerl et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Edmonds

Catchpole

Gould

et al. 2020

Integrative Organismal Biology

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“…All animal experiments described in this manuscript were approved by the Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED) Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocol #17-04-071. The data were collected between 2017–2019, and used for several published studies [ 6 , 28 – 30 ]. While birth weight was collected for all individuals, none of the previous studies included an in-depth analysis of birth weight exclusively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does birth weight affect neonatal body weight, growth, and physiology in an animal model?

et al. 2021

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Infant birth weight affects neuromotor and biomechanical swallowing performance in infant pig models. Preterm infants are generally born low birth weight and suffer from delayed development and neuromotor deficits. These deficits include critical life skills such as swallowing and breathing. It is unclear whether these neuromotor and biomechanical deficits are a result of low birth weight or preterm birth. In this study we ask: are preterm infants simply low birth weight infants or do preterm infants differ from term infants in weight gain and swallowing behaviors independent of birth weight? We use a validated infant pig model to show that preterm and term infants gain weight differently and that birth weight is not a strong predictor of functional deficits in preterm infant swallowing. We found that preterm infants gained weight at a faster rate than term infants and with nearly three times the variation. Additionally, we found that the number of sucks per swallow, swallow duration, and the delay of the swallows relative to the suck cycles were not impacted by birth weight. These results suggest that any correlation of developmental or swallowing deficits with reduced birth weight are likely linked to underlying physiological immaturity of the preterm infant.

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The effect of stiffness and hole size on nipple compression in infant suckling

et al. 2022

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During infant feeding, the nipple is an important source of sensory information that affects motor outputs, including ones dealing with compression of the nipple, suction, milk bolus movement, and swallowing. Despite known differences in behavior across commercially available nipples, little is known about the in vivo effects of nipple property variation. Here we quantify the effect of differences in nipple stiffness and hole size on an easily measured metric representing infant feeding behavior: nipple compression. We bottle-fed 7-day old infant pigs (n = 6) on four custom fabricated silicone nipples. We recorded live X-ray fluoroscopic imaging data of feeding on nipples of two levels of hardness/stiffness and two hole sizes. We tested for differences in nipple compression at the nipple's maximum compression across different nipple types using a mixed model analysis of variance. Stiffer nipples and those with smaller holes were compressed less than compliant nipples and nipples with larger holes (p < 0.001). We also estimated the force applied on the nipple during feeding and found that more force was applied to the compliant nipple with disproportionately larger strains. Our results suggest that infant pigs' nipple compression depends on material type and hole size, which is likely detected by the infant pigs' initial assessment of compressibility and flow. By isolating nipple properties, we demonstrated a relationship between properties and suckling behavior.Our results suggest that sensory information affects feeding behaviors and may also inform clinical treatment of poor feeding performance.

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The effect of preterm birth, recurrent laryngeal nerve lesion, and postnatal maturation on hyoid and thyroid movements, and their coordination in infant feeding

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Preterm Birth Impacts the Timing and Excursion of Oropharyngeal Structures during Infant Feeding

Does birth weight affect neonatal body weight, growth, and physiology in an animal model?

The effect of stiffness and hole size on nipple compression in infant suckling

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