The effect of premature extraction of primary molars on spatial conditions and formation of malocclusion – a systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: Premature loss of deciduous teeth is considered to be one of the local environmental factors interfering with normal development of the occlusion. Extraction of deciduous tooth before the time of its physio logical exfoliation carries the risk of creation of unfavorable spatial changes in sagittal, transverse and vertical plane. Despite the undeniable role of wellpreserved primary dentition in the development of occlusion in adult hood, there are still controversies regarding indications for implementation of space maintainers. Objectives: Analysis of available literature in terms of consequences of premature loss of deciduous molar teeth. Material and methods: The literature review was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus databases in July 2017 basing on keyword "premature primary tooth loss". English and Polishlanguage magazines were taken into account without specifying the time frame. Results: In total, 20 papers were selected for further detailed analysis, of which 11 were based on longitudinal studies, 9 were crosssectional studies (including 7 retrospective studies and 2 systematic literature reviews). Conclusions: Premature extraction of the upper first primary molar may lead to buccal eruption of permanent canine as a consequence of more mesial eruption of first premolar. Increased risk of space loss within dental arch exists especially in case of coexistence of cusp to cusp relationship on first molars and leptoprosopic facial type. Consequences of losing lower first deciduous molar are less obvious. Extraction of second deciduous molars may result in much more serious disturbances related to mesial migration of first permanent molars, resulting in re tention or abnormal eruption of second premolars. Repercussions of early loss of deciduous teeth are often visible only at the moment of eruption of permanent successors and depend on many variables, among which patient's age at the time of extraction, initial spatial conditions (crowding/spacing) and the number and type of lost teeth should be mentioned.

Assessment of Parental Knowledge towards Space Maintainer as an Essential Intervention after Premature Extraction of Primary Teeth

“…The prevention of malocclusion incidence is realized by utilizing space management as an interceptive approach to maintain the space created by the premature loss of deciduous teeth preceding permanent teeth eruption [ 12 , 13 ]. The appropriate timing is crucial when planning for space management, and delayed intervention is sometimes useless since it is proven that space loss might occur within a few days after an extraction [ 5 ].…”

Fatores materno-infantis e associação com defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário na dentição decídua na coorte de nascimento MINA-Brasil

“…Os segundos molares decíduos são grupos dentários podem estar frequentemente acometidos por DDE (Slayton et al, 2001;Ruschel et al, 2019). Estes dentes são de extrema importância na oclusão e servem como guia de erupção para os primeiros molares permanentes (Gibas-Stanek;Loster, 2018). A presença de fraturas extensas e lesões de cárie severa associadas a estes defeitos podem acarretar apinhamentos dentários, mordida cruzada, perda precoce do segundo molar decíduo e impacção do primeiro molar permanente.…”