The Effect of Pregnancy on Gastric Secretion

Gryboski, William A.; Spiro, Howard M.

doi:10.1056/nejm195612132552404

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported by others;' however, Waldrum et al 9 reported that pepsinogen levels were not significantly increased in pregnant compared to control women. The latter investigators, using a radioimmunoa sy method, measured the levels of only group-I pepsinogen while this study and Gryboski et al 6 measured total pepsinogen groups I and II, and also used the same hemoglobin substrate method.' It may be that the increase is mainly in the group II pepsinogen fraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain tbe protective effect of pregnancy. Increased gastric and duodenal mucus secretion, possibly the effect of increased estrogen levels, 16, 17 delayed gastric emptying secondary to increased progesterone secretion, P and decreased gastric acid secretion 6 are the most important suggested mechanisms. While the cause of decreased gastric acid secretion in pregnancy is not clear, it has been postulated to be due to increased levels of estrogen and progestgerone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Pregnancy on Pepsinogen Secretion and its Possible Role in Protection of Peptic Ulcer Disease

M¹,

Habibullah²,

Joshi³

et al. 1989

J Islam Med Assoc

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This study is aimed to see the effect of pregnancy on pepsinogen secretion and its possible protective role against ulceration. Fifty pregnant women without symptoms ofpeptic ulcer disease were studied for serum pepsinogen level. These levels were compared with those of a control group composed of age-matched, nonpregnaflt healthy women. An elevated level ofserum pepsinogen wasfound during pregnancy. Fourteen percent ofpregnant women had low levels ofpepsinogen while 20% showed normal pepsinogen level, because they were associated with severe anemia. Regular feeding, good nutrition. and emotional tranquility during pregnancy were favourable factors to reduce the chances of ulceration. Increased secretion of estrogen and progesterone, increased secretion of gastric mucus, bicarbonate and prostaglandins during pregnancy enhance cytoprotection against ulceration. Increased secretion of histaminase blocks or destroys the histamine action at the parietal cells which slows down acid secretion and helps to avoid ulcer formation. ResuJts The mean serum pepsinogen level for pregnant women was 856.0 ± 474.1 units/mll24 h (mean ±

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Pregnancy on Pepsinogen Secretion and its Possible Role in Protection of Peptic Ulcer Disease

M¹,

Habibullah²,

Joshi³

et al. 1989

J Islam Med Assoc

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show abstract

“…There have been innumerable measurements of plasma and urine pepsinogen under many circumstances ranging from a 15-hr. night flight (25) to the third trimester of pregnancy (26). There is a rough correlation between the ability of the mucosa to se crete pepsinogen and the plasma level, for at high rates of gastric secretion plasma pepsinogen is up, and when massive stimulation of secretion occurs, as for example in guinea pigs given a histamine dose of 75 mg./kg.…”

Section: Gastric Secretionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Digestive System

Davenport

1959

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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To understand digestion we need first a gross, qualitative description of the fate of ingesta; what is secreted in response to the meal, how ingesta are transformed by reaction with secretions and by the propulsive mechanism, what is absorbed and what rejected. This should be followed by an exact quantitative and temporal description in the style of chemical kinetics in which net changes are reported in terms of two-way fluxes. Coupled with this should be a detailed account of the physiological and morphological basis of secretion, transformation, and absorption reaching down to the deepest levels at which anatomy, biochemistry, and biophysics become indistinguishable one from another. Finally we require a description complete at all levels of controlling processes. Then we can put the fragments of our knowledge to sether to characterize what happens in the gut.2Descriptive, analytical, and synthetic aspects of our knowledge of diges tion are incomplete, for gastroenterological physiology suffers from difficul ties inherent in all biological science. Even summary descriptions must fre quently be revised as we gain new tools and insights, and scientific attack does not proceed in an orderly manner. Before we had learned to describe di gestion in simple terms there were triumphs of analysis, as for example the discovery of the secretin mechanism, but we cannot say how individual parts cooperate to perform the total function. In addition, gastroenterological physiology has its peculiar troubles. What is ingested may range from a ten course dinner served at the Duchess of Guermantes' to repulsive mixtures of mud and mush appropriately called "test meals." There are wide species dif ferences, and even within one species the digestive apparatus shows great functional variability. Consequently, when we come to describe what actu ally occurs during digestion we must specify what meal was eaten by what animal under what circumstances. SECRETION FROM THE SALIVARY GLANDSNot only do salivary glands differ from species to species, but several glands in one animal secrete juices of different compositions. The parotid 1 This review considers selected aspects of the recent literature available in the University of Michigan library at the end of May, 1958. 2 Papers on the following phases of digestion are cited for completeness but will not be discussed: on secretion (161 to 172); on the pancreas (173 to 177); on bile ( 178 to 182); on absorption (183 to 199); on cholesterol absorption (200 to 210); on neuro physiology (211 to 217); on smooth muscle (218 to 220); on the esophagus (221 to 228); on regulation (218 to 229); on the effects of drugs and 5-hydroxytryptamine (229 to 242); on growth, injury, and repair (24.3 to 249); on blood flow (250 to 255); and on methods (257 to 263). 183Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1959.21:183-210. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by Western Michigan University on 02/03/15. For personal use only.Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS 184 DAVENPORT gland of dog and man s...

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“…10 There is also a decrease in gastric acid secretion by 40% and increase in mucus secretions causing a higher gastric pH. 11 GI motility remains delayed throughout pregnancy and during immediate postpartum period. Renal physiology is also affected by the hormonal changes in pregnancy with renal vasodilation induced by the effects of progesterone and relaxin.…”

Section: Pregnancy: Unique Physiology Unique Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacotherapy and Pregnancy: Highlights from the Second International Conference for Individualized Pharmacotherapy in Pregnancy

Haas

Hébert

Flockhart

et al. 2009

Clinical Translational Sci

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To address provider struggles to provide evidence-based, rational drug therapy to pregnant women, a second conference was convened to highlight the current research in the field. Speakers from academic centers and institutions spoke about: the unique physiology and pathology of pregnancy; pharmacokinetic changes in pregnancy; thyroid disorders in pregnancy; pharmacogenetics in pregnancy; the role of CYP2D6 in pregnancy; treating addiction in pregnancy; the power of teratology networks to inform clinical decisions; the use of anti-depressants in pregnancy; and how to utilize computer-based modeling to aid with individualized pharmacotherapy in pregnancy. The Conference highlighted several areas of collaboration with the current Obstetrics Pharmacology Research Units Network (OPRU) and hoped to stimulate further collaboration and knowledge in the area with the common goal to improve the ability to safely and effectively use individualized pharmacotherapy in pregnancy.

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The Effect of Pregnancy on Gastric Secretion

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Pregnancy on Pepsinogen Secretion and its Possible Role in Protection of Peptic Ulcer Disease

The Effect of Pregnancy on Pepsinogen Secretion and its Possible Role in Protection of Peptic Ulcer Disease

Digestive System

Pharmacotherapy and Pregnancy: Highlights from the Second International Conference for Individualized Pharmacotherapy in Pregnancy

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