The Effect of Polyethylene Glycol-Superoxide Dismutase Administration on Histological Damage Following Spermatic Cord Torsion

Greenstein, Alexander; Smith-Harrison, Leon; Wakely, Paul E.; Kololgi, Sunil; Salzberg, Arnold D.; Koontz, Warren W.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)36678-8

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…After this critical time period of torsion, removal of the involved testicle will be the treatment of choice in order to minimize the long-term detrimental effects on the contra lateral testicle and ultimately that of fertility. On the other hand, in light of the results reported in the literature [9,23,25,26] and our data as well, pretreatment with free radical scavenger enzymes and some definite drugs (i.e. allopurinol, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Thus formation of reactive hyperemia after short term testicular ischemia was found to cause degenerative changes in the parenchymatous organs due to oxygen free radical formation [9], Data from ischemia reperfusion experiments in other organs, such as kidney, heart, etc., revealed that tissue-damaging oxygen-derived free radi cals are formed during the reperfusion phase after a peri od of ischemia [18][19][20][21]. Again free radical scavenger enzymes, such as SOD and catalase, have been found to reduce the degree of damage in ischemia-reperfusion models [22][23][24][25][26]. In light of all these findings, it has not been clearly outlined whether testicular injury after tor sion is due to hypoxia during torsion or to injury resulting from blood flow, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Experimental Spermatic Cord Torsion on the Contralateral Testis in Rats

Sarıca¹,

Küpeli

Budak³

et al. 1997

Urol Int

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To evaluate the degree of ischemia formation in the contralateral testicle following unilateral testicular torsion, free oxygen radical formation after detorsion or an orchiectomy procedure in terms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities was detected in adult male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups and following 2 and 6 h of unilateral torsion, the orchiectomy or detorsion procedures were performed and free radical scavenger enzyme activities (SOD, catalase) were measured in the contralateral testes after 24 h, 1 week and 1 month. Evaluation of our results revealed no meaningful ischemia formation in the contralateral testes of rats undergoing 2 h of unilateral testicular torsion. However, animals undergoing 6 h of unilateral testicular torsion demonstrated a statistically significant alteration with respect to enzyme concentrations. Alterations in the contralateral testes were more prominent in animals that had undergone the detorsion procedure following 6 h of testicular torsion. Our results indicate that preservation of twisted testes through a detorsion procedure could cause further deterioration by way of reperfusion injury, indicating the importance of removal of the damaged testicle to minimize long-term histopathologic alterations in the contralateral testes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Experimental Spermatic Cord Torsion on the Contralateral Testis in Rats

Sarıca¹,

Küpeli

Budak³

et al. 1997

Urol Int

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“…There are several strategies to decrease the effect of oxygen free radicals after I/ R. Melatonin, which is a potent antioxidant agent, not only is a direct scavenger of toxic hydroxyl radical, but it also stimulates the activity of the antioxidative enzyme glutathione peroxidase (Pablos et al, 1995). Greenstein et al (1992) and Blank et al used antioxidant agents to prevent Fig. 3a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Melatonin on Testicular Torsion and Detorsion Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Aktaş¹,

Tuncer²,

Yıldırım³

et al. 2011

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:In this study, we evaluated the ultrastructural findings of testis with systemic administration of different doses of melatonin during ischemic period in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Testis ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced by torsion of the left testis, with a 720 degrees twisting of the spermatic cord so as to produce a total occlusion of testis for 2.5 hours. Subsequently, the same testis was then detorsioned. According to surgical procedure in each group, unilateral orchiectomies were performed for histopathologic examination. The groups were labelled as control group, torsion group (T), torsion and detorsion group (T/ D), torsion-detorsion and melatonin group (T/D+20,50 and 100 mg/kg melatonin). For the histological examination, testicular tissues were fixed in 2.5% glutheraldehyde and postfixation 1% osmic acid solutions. They were examined under transmission electron microscopy after application of contrast stained. In torsion group testis cross-sections, cytoplasm residues of mature sperms and large vacuole-like structures were noticeable. In detorsion group testis cross-sections, dissociations in spermatocide nuclei, many vacuoles and residual particles resulting from organelle degeneration, local voids in cytoplasms of spermatogonia, dilatation in granulated endoplasmic reticulum, large lipid droplets, chromatid particles, along with mitochondrial crystalisis were determined. In the testis cross-sections of the group of T/D+50 mg/kg melatonin administration, sertoli and spermatogonia cells that showed membrane-like structures and cytoplasmic voids were observed. Testis cross-sections of rats that were administered with T/D+50 mg/kg melatonin showed small mitochondrions and vacuole-like structures placed on the edge. Testis cross-sections of rats that were administered with T/D+100 mg/kg melatonin resulted in views similar to those of controls in the microstructural level. As a result, the most effective dose of melatonin, which was used in different doses, for prevention of ischemia/reperfusion damage was found to be 100 mg/kg.

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“…Thus, contralateral testicular ischemia secondary to unilateral torsion may accelerate abnormal histologic findings. Again ischemia resulting in the formation of oxygen free radical formation could be responsible for such definite histologic alterations, and the protective effects of some definite agents have been subjected to recent studies with varying success rates [24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral Testicular Torsion: Evaluation of bcl-2, p-53 and PCNA Expression in Contralateral Testes

Sarıca¹,

Bakir²,

Erbağcı³

et al. 2001

Urol Int

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Objectives and Methods: The present study aims to evaluate the histologic as well as apoptotic changes indicated by PCNA, p-53 and bcl-2 expression in the contralateral testes after a period of unilateral testicular torsion of 4 h. Results: Regarding the histologic changes, while some significant alterations such as complete or incomplete spermatocytic arrest as well as sertoli cell only formation have to some extent been noted after the detorsion procedure, reasonably better preserved histology could be demonstrated following the orchiectomy procedure both in the early and late follow-up. Thus, the orchiectomy procedure was found to be limiting enough on the severity of the histologic changes in the contralateral testes after a certain period of time following the torsion procedure. On the other hand, however, in relation to the apoptotic events indicated by the three markers, while PCNA activity was found to be significantly different depending on the procedure performed (detorsion or orchiectomy), p-53 and bcl-2 positivity did not exhibit any difference in this aspect. Increased PCNA activity (especially after the detorsion procedure) together with marked positivity of p-53 both in the early and late follow-up indicated the increased cell turnover in the contralateral testes, which in turn may be accepted as a sign of increased apoptosis in these testes. In addition to these findings, bcl-2 expression has been found to be consistently negative in all specimens evaluated both in the early and late follow-up. Conclusion: Taking into account the strong inhibitory effect of bcl-2 during apoptotic events, these findings again support the likelihood of increased apoptosis in the contralateral testes.

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The Effect of Polyethylene Glycol-Superoxide Dismutase Administration on Histological Damage Following Spermatic Cord Torsion

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of Experimental Spermatic Cord Torsion on the Contralateral Testis in Rats

Influence of Experimental Spermatic Cord Torsion on the Contralateral Testis in Rats

Protective Effects of Melatonin on Testicular Torsion and Detorsion Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Unilateral Testicular Torsion: Evaluation of bcl-2, p-53 and PCNA Expression in Contralateral Testes

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