The Effect of Polarized Polychromatic Radiation and Antibacterial Therapy on the Activity of Neutrophilic Leukocytes in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract

Subject. The subject of the study is the enzymatic activity of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis. Objectives. To study the effect of polarized polychromatic radiation and antibacterial therapy on cytoenzymochemical indices of neutrophilic leukocyte activity in the treatment of moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Methodology. The study involved 80 patients of both sexes aged 20 to 59 years, who were divided into two groups. In the comparison group, treatment was carried out with the antimicrobial dental gel "Dentamet". In the main group, after antimicrobial treatment, piler therapy was carried out using polarized, incoherent, polychromatic radiation, the source of which was the physiotherapeutic device "Bioptron Pro-1". Neutrophil leukocyte activity was assessed by the level of cationic proteins, myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase activity before treatment and in periods from three months to one year. Results. During antimicrobial therapy, a decrease in the activity of neutrophil leukocytes was established within no more than three months of observation: the number of cationic proteins decreased by 1.98 times, myeloperoxidase activity decreased by 2.31 times, and alkaline phosphatase activity fell by 2.36 times (p = 0.0027). After six months, the activity of leukocytes in this group of patients did not differ significantly from the values obtained before treatment (p > 0.05). With consistent use of antimicrobial action and Piler therapy, a decrease in the activity of neutrophilic leukocytes, characteristic of remission of the inflammatory process, was established within six months: the amount of cationic proteins decreases by 2.15 times, the activity of myeloperoxidase decreases by 2.55 times, the activity of alkaline phosphatase falls by 2.56 times (p = 0.0455). Conclusions. As a result of the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity using antibacterial gel and polarized polychromatic radiation, a decrease in the activity of neutrophilic leukocytes (p < 0.05) was established, which persists for six months of observation.