The effect of Pleistocene glacial morphogenesis on the genetic structure of the humid- and cold-tolerant root voleMicrotus oeconomus(Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Poland, central Europe

Abstract

During the Pleistocene in the northern part of Europe and Asia, the presence of ice sheets not only limited the range of species but also influenced landscape and thus the contemporary habitat system that determines the pattern of biodiversity. The aim of the research was to find out whether and how a lowland landscape, which formed as a result of subsequent Pleistocene glaciations (five) that in Eurasia covered various and generally successively smaller areas, affected the genetic differentiation of a species. The research was carried out in eastern Poland on the root vole Microtus oeconomus (Arvicolinae, Rodentia), a model boreal and hygrophilous species. Samples were collected from 549 vole individuals at 33 locations. Based on the analysis of 12 microsatellite loci and the 908 bp of cytochrome b sequences (mitochondrial DNA), the genetic structure of M. oeconomus in the landscape zones of the Polish Lowlands was determined. The results show that the latitudinal variability of the relief in eastern Poland (resulting from different ranges of Pleistocene ice sheets) and the related specific configuration of hydrogenic habitats are reflected in the genetic differentiation of the root vole. Therefore, it may be concluded that the history of landscape development affects the genetic structure of hydrophilic species.

Low Genetic Variability of the Tundra Vole in Lithuania

“…Therefore, migration from the Polish population to Lithuania was presumed. This part of Poland has strong populations of the species [27] as a result of postglacial dispersal and configuration of hydrogenic habitats [28]. In the 1990s, the largest number of registrations was in southern and southwestern Lithuania.…”

Genetic Structure of the Root Vole Microtus oeconomus: Resistance of the Habitat Specialist to the Natural Fragmentation of Preferred Moist Habitats

“…Small rodents are often used as a model for studying such processes [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In the case of wet non-forest habitats, the root vole Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) (currently called Alexandromys oeconomus [ 13 ]) has often been used as a model species to analyse the impact of historical postglacial colonisation [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. The root vole is a small Holarctic mammal species preferring moist habitats, e.g., Phragmitetea, Scheuchzerio-Caricetea, and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea .…”