The effect of plant growth regulators on callus initiation in wormwood (<i>Artemisia annua</i> L.)

Abstract

Studies were carried out in the Biotechnology laboratory of Plant Science Department of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria to study the effect of some plant growth regulators on the in vitro initiation of callus using the leaves of Chiyong variety of Artemisia annua. The explants were sterilized and incubated on Murashige and Skoog basal media augmented with varying concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 µm/l of Giberellic acid (GA3), Benzyle amino purine (BAP), Naphthyle acetic acid (NAA),2,4-Dichlrophynoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Indole butyricacid (IBA) and Kinetin (Kin). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 2 replicates. Low BAP concentration of 0.5 µm/l and a high concentration of NAA of 3.0 µm/l as well as equal concentration of BAP of 1.0 µm/l and IBA of 1.0 µm/l had the least days (7days) to regeneration. For regeneration percent, equal low concentrations of BAP of 0.5 µm/l and NAA of 0.5 µm/l had the highest performance of 94%. However, no significant difference was observed between treatments with respect to vigor. Equal low concentrations of BAP (0.5 µm/l) and (0.5 µm/l) NAA and BAP(1.0 µm/l) combined with IBA(1.5 µm/l) had the highest height. Results of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicated significant difference among the treatments compared with the control (P<0.05). Therefore, combined BAP and NAA treatment is an efficient protocol for callus initiation and proliferation. A combination of GA3 and BAP is suitable for shoot initiation from callus using cultures of A. annua.

Callus Culture for the Production of Therapeutic Compounds

“…Tahir et al (2016) showed that an ideal plant growth hormone combination for callus formation in Artemisia annua was 0.5µM/L of both 6-benzylaminopurine and Naphthalene Acetic acid [62], similar to results obtained by Yuliani et al (2018) [58] although similar results were obtained by other workers with higher concentrations of BAP and different auxins [63].…”

Effects of different levels of gibberellic acid and potassium nitrate solutions on the emergence and seedling vigor of amaranth and Cleome gynandra

“…The endogenous level of GA 3 synthesized by the amaranth and C. gynandra seedlings might not be enough; therefore, exogenous application of GA 3 might have increased the growth of seedlings (Gurung et al, 2014). The maximum shoot length recorded in seeds of amaranth and C. gynandra treated with 500 ppm GA 3 might be attributed to the effect that GA 3 stimulates early growth of plants by improving cell division in the apical meristem (Tahir et al, 2014). Tahir and Mathew (2021) reported that GA 3 was used in the shoot proliferation media to increase shoot elongation.…”

“…The maximum shoot length recorded in seeds of amaranth and C . gynandra treated with 500 ppm GA 3 might be attributed to the effect that GA 3 stimulates early growth of plants by improving cell division in the apical meristem (Tahir et al., 2014). Tahir and Mathew (2021) reported that GA 3 was used in the shoot proliferation media to increase shoot elongation.…”