The effect of pitch-based carbon fiber microstructure and composition on the formation and growth of SiC whiskers via reaction of such fibers with silicon sources

Zhu, Hui; Li, Xuanke; Han, Fei; Dong, Zhijun; Yuan, Guanming; Ma, Guozhi; Westwood, Aidan; He, Kejie

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.12.002

Cited by 48 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Figure 1, all of the diffractograms show the same trend with two broad peaks at 25° and 43°, corresponding to the crystalline reflections from (002) and (101) planes. This result is in agreement with those found by other researchers (Zhu et al, 2015;Kumar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Dssc Fabricationsupporting

confidence: 94%

Characteristics of Carbon Pyrolyzed from Table Sugar and Sucrose for Pt-less DSSC Counter Electrode

Sofyan¹,

Muhammad

Ridhova

et al. 2018

IJTech

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Platinum is the most effective counter electrode for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). However, as platinum is very expensive, its price impedes its broad use as a DSSC counter electrode. As an alternative, carbon has been used for this purpose. In this study, carbon has been successfully pyrolyzed from the precursors of table sugar and sucrose through a chemical process, i.e. the dehydration of the precursors with sulfate acid followed by a pyrolysis process, and used as Pt-less counter electrode in a DSSC device. The as-synthesized carbon was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to obtain crystal structure information and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was employed to carry out morphological and compositional examination. The material activity and performance of the counter electrode in the DSSC device were analyzed using a semiconductor parameter analyzer through current-voltage characteristic curves (I-V). The results show that the precursors of table sugar without the addition of a metal catalyst and with initial heat treatment at 300°C for 1 hour, and of sucrose with a catalyst could produce carbon with a particle size of around 600-900 nm. The I-V curve characteristic of the DSSC device assembled using carbon produced from sucrose as a counter electrode resulted in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of only 0.041%, whereas the DSSC device assembled using carbon produced from table sugar as a counter electrode exhibited a good performance with a PCE of 3.239%, almost equivalent to that of platinum paste with a PCE of 4.024%. This result is promising in terms of using a cheap source of carbon for the Pt-less counter electrode.

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Section: Dssc Fabricationsupporting

confidence: 94%

Characteristics of Carbon Pyrolyzed from Table Sugar and Sucrose for Pt-less DSSC Counter Electrode

Sofyan¹,

Muhammad

Ridhova

et al. 2018

IJTech

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“…This result further supports the nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm result mentioned above. A weak peak at 43 o corresponding to graphite (101) plane was observed in all samples, and the intensity of the peak of X NBC were enhanced with the activation temperature increased. This result attributed to that the graphitization degree of X NBC is enhanced with the activation temperature increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corncob‐to‐xylose residue (CCXR) derived porous biochar as an excellent adsorbent to remove organic dyes from wastewater

Wan

Shang

et al. 2018

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Biochar was prepared from corncob-to-xylose residue (CCXR) by KOH activation and anaerobic pyrolysis method. The effect of activation temperature on the microstructure of the biochar was studied. Results showed that the biochar prepared at 850°C (850NBC) possessed high specific surface area and exhibited excellent adsorption property. The maximum adsorption capacity of 2249 mg g −1 was obtained when 850NBC was used for treating methylene blue (MB) solution. Adsorption isotherm fittings revealed that Langmuir and Freundlich models were applicable to 850NBC adsorption process, and the adsorption process was limited by adsorption site and the biochar surface functional groups. Furthermore, 850NBC showed good adsorption property when it was used to treat the other organic dyes of Congo red (751 mg g −1 ), Orange II (735 mg g −1 ), Indigo carmine (662 mg g −1 ) and Methyl Orange (465 mg g −1 ). Biochar 850NBC also possessed an acceptable recyclability which maintained 68.7% absorption capacity after 6 cycles when it was used to treat MB solution. These results proposed that 850NBC is expected to be a promising potential adsorbent for treating organic dyes waste water.

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“…Oxidative treatments involve gas‐phase oxidation, liquid‐phase oxidation carried out chemically or electrochemically and catalytic oxidation . Non‐oxidative treatments involve plasma or laser etching , high‐energy irradiation , and deposition of more active forms of carbon, such as the highly effective whisker and pyrolytic carbon .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale toughening of carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites through different surface treatments

Yuan

Zhu

Cai

et al. 2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Interests in improving poor interfacial adhesion in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites has always been a hotspot. In this work, four physicochemical surface treatments for enhancing fiber/matrix adhesion are conducted on carbon fibers (CFs) including acid oxidation, sizing coating, silane coupling, and graphene oxide (GO) deposition. The surface characteristics of CFs are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, interfacial shear strength, and interlaminar shear strength. The results showed that GO deposition can remarkably promote fiber/ matrix bonding due to improved surface reactivity and irregularity. In comparison, epoxy sizing and acid oxidation afford enhancement of IFSS owing to effective molecular chemical contact and interlocking forces between the fiber and the matrix. Besides, limited covalent bonds between silane coupling and epoxy matrix cannot make up for the negative effects of excessive smoothness of modified CFs, endowing them inferior mechanical properties. Based on these results, three micro-strengthening mechanisms are proposed to broadly categorize the interphase microconfiguration of CFRP composite, namely, "Etching" "Coating", and "Grafting" modifications, demonstrating that proper treatments should be chosen for combining optimum interfacial properties in CFRP composites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:625-632, 2019. FIG. 2. Scheme of different surface modifications of CFs: (a) CFs-Acid, (b) CFs-Sizing, (c) CFs-APTES and (d) CFs-GO [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] FIG. 3. Schematic diagram of VaRTM progress of differently-modified CF reinforced EP composites [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]

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The effect of pitch-based carbon fiber microstructure and composition on the formation and growth of SiC whiskers via reaction of such fibers with silicon sources

Abstract: The formation and growth of silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw)

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Characteristics of Carbon Pyrolyzed from Table Sugar and Sucrose for Pt-less DSSC Counter Electrode

Characteristics of Carbon Pyrolyzed from Table Sugar and Sucrose for Pt-less DSSC Counter Electrode

Corncob‐to‐xylose residue (CCXR) derived porous biochar as an excellent adsorbent to remove organic dyes from wastewater

Nanoscale toughening of carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites through different surface treatments

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