The effect of periorbital cooling on pain, edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty: a randomized, controlled, observer-blinded study

Kayıran, Oğuz; Çallı, Çağlar

doi:10.4193/rhin15.177

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Shin et al 5 found that edema increased until the 2 nd postoperative day in the cold application group and until the 3 rd postoperative day in the control group. In our study, however, edema increased until the Also, similar to our study, in few studies with different patient groups, it was found that cold application significantly reduced periorbital edema and ecchymosis scores 7,13 .…”

Section: Effect Of Cold Applicationsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Among those studies evaluating the effect of cold application on periorbital edema and ecchymosis 5,7,13 , only one study 5 provided information about the decrease in periorbital skin temperature after cold application, but none reported the temperature of the tool used in cold application. Therefore, this study provides evidence that cold application with gel packs can be applied to the periorbital area with an average temperature of -14 ºC for 20 minutes each hour without causing any complications.…”

Section: Change Of Skin Temperature After Cold Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preventing or at least reducing the severity of periorbital edema and ecchymosis associated with surgical intervention is essential in maintaining patient safety and increasing patient satisfaction [6][7][8][9] . There are various studies in the literature examining the effect of different methods such as steroids [9][10][11][12] , cold application 5,7,13 and local heparinoid (mucopolysaccharide polysulphate) 6,8 on periorbital edema and ecchymosis. All of these studies, except the Shin et al's study 5 , were conducted with patients treated with rhinoplasty, and there is currently only one study that was conducted with patients with craniotomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cold Application and Heparinoid on Periorbital Edema and Ecchymosis After Craniotomy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Akyolcu¹

2020

jamp

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This study was performed to determine the effect of cold application and heparinoid cream on periorbital edema and ecchymosis after craniotomy. The sample of this prospective parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial included 90 neurosurgical patients who underwent anterior craniotomy in two medical faculty hospitals of a university in Turkey. The patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to the cold application, heparinoid or control groups. Those patients in the cold application group received cold application with gel pack on their periorbital areas for 20 minutes per hour for three days beginning from the 3 rd hour following craniotomy. On the other hand, the patients in the heparinoid group received heparinoid cream on their periorbital areas once at the 3 rd and 9 th hours after craniotomy and then four times/day at 6-hour intervals for three postoperative days. Periorbital edema and ecchymosis were evaluated for three days after craniotomy using Kara & Gökalan's scale by blinded observers. In all the measurements after craniotomy, except for those at the 3 rd hour, the periorbital edema score of the cold application group was significantly lower than those of both the heparinoid and control groups (p<0.001). The upper and lower eyelid ecchymosis scores of the cold application group were significantly lower than those of both the heparinoid and control groups on the 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd days after craniotomy (p<0.001). In the cold application group, periorbital edema score decreased significantly as the skin temperature decreased only on the 3 rd day after craniotomy (p=0.01). The study revealed that cold application and heparinoid cream administered for three days beginning from the 3 rd hour after craniotomy did not prevent postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis, but cold application significantly reduced periorbital edema and ecchymosis.

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Section: Effect Of Cold Applicationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Change Of Skin Temperature After Cold Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Cold Application and Heparinoid on Periorbital Edema and Ecchymosis After Craniotomy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Akyolcu¹

2020

jamp

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“…All 48 participants completed the study. Procedures undertaken were FESS [29], septoplasty and cold-steel turbinoplasty as one procedure [13], septoplasty alone [3], cold-steel turbinoplasty alone [2] and bilateral SPA ligation (which involved a middle meatal antrostomy as part of the approach) [1]. None of the patients needed rescue analgesia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, randomised control trials studying similar techniques have produced conflicting results regarding the effect of preemptive anaesthesia on postoperative pain (3,11,12) . Postoperative pain was also a subject of other study which showed positive effect of cold application following septorhinoplasty on reduction of pain scores (13) . However, there is no article in the literature describing the effect of transoral injection of SPG in combination with AEN block.…”

Section: Comparisons With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of local anaesthetic nerve block in patients undergoing endonasal surgery – our experience of 48 patients

Shamil¹,

Casselden²,

Bast³

et al. 2018

RHINOL

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Objective: This study examines the effect of preoperative AEN block and SPG nerve block with 0.5 % bupivacaine and 1:200,000 adrenaline (LA) on postoperative pain in patients undergoing endonasal surgery. Study design: This is non-randomised and partly blinded study of 48 patients undergoing ESS. 30 patients underwent pre-operative SPG and AEN local anaesthetic blockade and remaining 18 patients served as controls. Results: The pain score at 1, 2 and 3 hours after the surgery in local anaesthetic vs. control group was 1.1 vs. 2.8 (p<0.001), 1.4 vs 3.4 (p<0.001) and 1.7 vs 3.5 (p<0.001), respectively. The most significant difference of 1.94 points (p<0.001) on the VAS scale was seen at 2 hours. No complications were observed in either group. Conclusion: Our results have indicated that there is a significant reduction in the first three hours of post-operative pain after endonasal surgery in patients who underwent blockage of these nerves, compared to a control group. However, this study was neither randomised nor blinded and sample size was small. Further study in the form of larger randomised trial is therefore needed.

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The effectiveness of postoperative intervention in patients after rhinoplasty: a meta-analysis

Lee

Yoon

Kim

et al. 2017

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Rhinoplasty is the most common facial plastic surgical procedure, and the occurrence of periorbital edema and ecchymosis is normal after rhinoplasty. The goal of this study was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of the efficacy of postoperative care of edema and ecchymosis following rhinoplasty. Two authors independently searched the databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database) from inception to September 2016. We included studies that compared postoperative care methods (intervention groups) with no treatment (control group) where the outcomes of interest were edema, ecchymosis, and satisfaction rate of patients on postoperative days. Sufficient data for meta-analysis were retrieved for 11 trials with a total of 627 patients. Eyelid edema and ecchymosis during the first 7 days postoperatively were statistically decreased in the arnica administration groups versus the control group. Eyelid edema and ecchymosis during the first 24 h postoperatively were statistically decreased in the cold compression group versus the control group. The ratio of patient satisfaction was statistically higher in the tapping application group than in the control group. However, the analysis indicated that surgeons had a significant tendency to decrease intranasal packing. The administration of arnica, cold compression, and tape could reduce eyelid edema and ecchymosis. Intranasal packing was associated with more adverse effects in terms of postoperative ecchymosis compared to non-packing. However, additional trials with thorough research methodologies should be conducted to confirm the results of this study.

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The effect of periorbital cooling on pain, edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty: a randomized, controlled, observer-blinded study

Abstract: Cooling of the periorbital region reduces edema and ecchymosis as well as pain; however 3 days of use is enough after rhinoplasty. One hour after surgery, cooling does not affect the pain but reduce edema and ecchymosis.

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Cold Application and Heparinoid on Periorbital Edema and Ecchymosis After Craniotomy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Effect of Cold Application and Heparinoid on Periorbital Edema and Ecchymosis After Craniotomy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Role of local anaesthetic nerve block in patients undergoing endonasal surgery – our experience of 48 patients

The effectiveness of postoperative intervention in patients after rhinoplasty: a meta-analysis

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