The effect of peri-conception nutrition on embryo quality in the superovulated ewe

Kakar, Muhammad Azam; Maddocks, S.; Lorimer, Michelle; Kleemann, David O.; Rudiger, Skye R.; Hartwich, K.M.; Walker, S.K.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.12.017

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, we find in our mouse model that maternal Emb-LPD changes the allocation and ratio of cells within blastocyst lineages with a higher proportion within the outer trophectoderm (TE; progenitor of chorio-allantoic placenta) and a lower complement within the inner cell mass (ICM; progenitor of fetus and primitive endoderm lineage) . This early consequence of poor maternal diet has also been identified by other laboratories using related mouse and large mammal models (Kakar et al, 2005;Mitchell et al, 2009). We also find increased TE proliferation coincides with increased motility and spreading activity of these cells as they outgrow as trophoblasts, probably to increase their invasiveness into the endometrium during implantation .…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

Mouse early extra-embryonic lineages activate compensatory endocytosis in response to poor maternal nutrition

et al. 2014

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Mammalian extra-embryonic lineages perform the crucial role of nutrient provision during gestation to support embryonic and fetal growth. These lineages derive from outer trophectoderm (TE) and internal primitive endoderm (PE) in the blastocyst and subsequently give rise to chorio-allantoic and visceral yolk sac placentae, respectively. We have shown maternal low protein diet exclusively during mouse preimplantation development (Emb-LPD) is sufficient to cause a compensatory increase in fetal and perinatal growth that correlates positively with increased adult-onset cardiovascular, metabolic and behavioural disease. Here, to investigate early mechanisms of compensatory nutrient provision, we assessed the influence of maternal Emb-LPD on endocytosis within extraembryonic lineages using quantitative imaging and expression of markers and proteins involved. Blastocysts collected from Emb-LPD mothers within standard culture medium displayed enhanced TE endocytosis compared with embryos from control mothers with respect to the number and collective volume per cell of vesicles with endocytosed ligand and fluid and lysosomes, plus protein expression of megalin (Lrp2) LDL-family receptor. Endocytosis was also stimulated using similar criteria in the outer PE-like lineage of embryoid bodies formed from embryonic stem cell lines generated from Emb-LPD blastocysts. Using an in vitro model replicating the depleted amino acid (AA) composition found within the Emb-LPD uterine luminal fluid, we show TE endocytosis response is activated through reduced branched-chain AAs (leucine, isoleucine, valine). Moreover, activation appears mediated through RhoA GTPase signalling. Our data indicate early embryos regulate and stabilise endocytosis as a mechanism to compensate for poor maternal nutrient provision.

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confidence: 84%

Mouse early extra-embryonic lineages activate compensatory endocytosis in response to poor maternal nutrition

et al. 2014

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“…The reproductive cycle of all experimental ewes was synchronised and superovulation was induced as described previously (Kakar et al 2005. Fresh semen was collected from a ram of proven fertility as described previously (Kakar et al 2005).…”

Section: Superovulation Artificial Insemination and Embryo Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fresh semen was collected from a ram of proven fertility as described previously (Kakar et al 2005). Donor ewes were inseminated by laparoscopy with w2!10 7 spermatozoa being placed directly into lumen of each uterine horn 36 h after pessary withdrawal.…”

Section: Superovulation Artificial Insemination and Embryo Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary restriction in the periconceptional period in normal-weight or obese ewes results in increased abundance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in the absence of changes in ACE or AT1R methylation in the adrenal of the offspring

et al. 2013

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Exposure to dietary restriction during the periconceptional period in either normal or obese ewes results in increased adrenal growth and a greater cortisol response to stress in the offspring, but the mechanisms that programme these changes are not fully understood. Activation of the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) has been demonstrated to stimulate adrenal growth and steroidogenesis. We have used an embryo transfer model in the sheep to investigate the effects of exposure to dietary restriction in normal or obese mothers from before and 1 week after conception on the methylation status, expression, abundance and localisation of key components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the adrenal of post-natal lambs. Maternal dietary restriction in normal or obese ewes during the periconceptional period resulted in an increase in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and AT1R abundance in the absence of changes in the methylation status or mRNA expression of ACE and AT1R in the adrenal of the offspring. Exposure to maternal obesity alone also resulted in an increase in adrenal AT1R abundance. There was no effect of maternal dietary restriction or obesity on ACE2 and AT2R or on ERK, calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II abundance, and their phosphorylated forms in the lamb adrenal. Thus, weight loss around the time of conception, in both normal-weight and obese ewes, results in changes within the intra-adrenal RAS consistent with increased AT1R activation. These changes within the intra-adrenal RAS system may contribute to the greater adrenal stress response following exposure to signals of adversity in the periconceptional period.

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“…Ewes in moderate body condition fed above their energy requirements for maintenance ("flushed") before mating show higher lambing rates than ewes in similar body condition, but fed maintenance rations (Rhind 1992). Additionally, it seems that changes on peri-conception nutrition may affect embryo quality in superovulated ewe (Kakar et al 2005). Additionally, in several Mediterranean breeds of sheep a short-term feed supplementation before mating positively influences ovulation (Landau and Molle 1997), since they experience harsh nutritional and environmental conditions, due to reduced grazing resources at the beginning of dry summers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Supplementation of lactating ewes with a glucogenic preparation or β-carotene in mid- to late lactation, on subsequent milk yield and luteinizing hormone secretion

Brozos¹,

Kiossis²,

Fthenakis³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Brozos, C. N., Kiossis, E., Fthenakis, G. C., Tsousis, G. and Boscos, C. 2007. Supplementation of lactating ewes with a glucogenic preparation or β β-carotene in mid-to late lactation on subsequent milk yield and luteinizing hormone secretion. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 87: [185][186][187][188][189][190]. The effects of a glucogenic preparation (Nutrimix ® ) or β-carotene (Rovimix ® beta carotene) supplementation of ewes during mid-to late-lactation on their milk yield were assessed in a study where 66 Chios-breed ewes were allocated into three equal (n = 22) groups. Ewes in group A received daily a glucogenic preparation and those in group B β-carotene, starting 35 d before estrus synchronization until 7 d after artificial insemination (supplementation period); ewes in group C were untreated controls. The estrus cycle was synchronized and double AI was carried out 48 and 60 h after withdrawal of progestagen sponges. Milk yield was measured daily during the supplementation period. Blood samples were collected at 2-h intervals, from 28 to 54 h after sponge withdrawal; the concentration of plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) was measured. Increased milk yield was recorded after supplementation with the glucogenic preparation (P < 0.05), but not with β-carotene (P > 0.05). There were no differences in LH concentration during surge release in supplemented ewes; furthermore, there were no differences between groups in body weight and litter size. It is concluded that supplementation of ewes with a glucogenic preparation during mid-to late-lactation may lead to improved milk production. [185][186][187][188][189][190]. Les auteurs ont évalué l'incidence d'une préparation glycogénique (Nutrimix ® ) et du β-carotène (bêta carotène Rovimix ® ) servis comme supplément du milieu à la fin de la lactation sur le rendement laitier des brebis. Pour cela, ils ont réparti 66 brebis Chios en trois groupes égaux (n = 22). Les sujets du groupe A ont reçu quotidiennement le mélange glycogénique et ceux du groupe B, du β-carotène, du 35 e jour précédant la synchronisation de l'oestrus jusqu'au 7 e suivant l'insémination artificielle (période d'administration du supplément); les brebis du groupe C n'ont reçu aucun traitement et servaient de témoins. Le cycle oestral a été synchronisé et on a procédé à une double insémination artificielle 48 et 60 h après le retrait des éponges de progestagène. Les auteurs ont mesuré le rendement laitier quotidiennement durant la période où le supplément a été administré. Des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés à intervalles de 2 h, de 28 à 54 h suivant le retrait des éponges, et on a dosé la concentration d'hormone lutéinisante (LH). L'administration du mélange glycogénique augmente le rendement laitier (P < 0,05), mais celle de β-carotène ne le fait pas (P > 0,05). La concentration de LH durant la période de sécrétion maximale est identique chez les deux groupes recevant un supplément; par ailleurs, le poids corporel et la taille de la portée étaient les mêmes chez les différents groupes. On en conclut qu'une ...

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The effect of peri-conception nutrition on embryo quality in the superovulated ewe

Cited by 56 publications

References 37 publications

Mouse early extra-embryonic lineages activate compensatory endocytosis in response to poor maternal nutrition

Mouse early extra-embryonic lineages activate compensatory endocytosis in response to poor maternal nutrition

Dietary restriction in the periconceptional period in normal-weight or obese ewes results in increased abundance of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in the absence of changes in ACE or AT1R methylation in the adrenal of the offspring

Supplementation of lactating ewes with a glucogenic preparation or β-carotene in mid- to late lactation, on subsequent milk yield and luteinizing hormone secretion

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