The effect of performing a dual-task on postural control and selective attention of older adults when stepping backward

Tsang, Wai Nam; Chan, Vito Wai-Lok; Wong, H.; Yip, Tony Wai-Cheong; Lu, Xi

doi:10.1589/jpts.28.2806

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Several investigations reveal that even highly practiced postural tasks require cognitive processing at least to a small degree. For instance, Tsang et al (2016) have shown that the simultaneous performance of a cognitive task during quiet stance resulted in an increase in postural sway. Beta activity has been shown in attention and long-distance synchronization in parts of the cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Office Environments Improve Brain Activity and Attentional Performance Mediated by Increased Motor Activity

Henz

Schöllhorn

2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Current research demonstrates beneficial effects of physical activity on brain functions and cognitive performance. To date, less is known on the effects of gross motor movements that do not fall into the category of sports-related aerobic or anaerobic exercise. In previous studies, we found beneficial effects of dynamic working environments, i.e., environments that encourage movements during cognitive task performance, on cognitive performance and corresponding brain activity. Aim of the present study was to examine the effects of working in a dynamic and a static office environment on attentional and vigilance performance, and on the corresponding electroencephalographic (EEG) brain oscillatory patterns. In a 2-week intervention study, participants worked either in a dynamic or a static office. In each intervention group, 12 subjects performed attentional and vigilance tasks. Spontaneous EEG was measured from 19 electrodes continuosly before, during, and immediately after each experimental condition at the first, and at the last intervention session. Results showed differences in EEG brain activity in the dynamic compared to the static office at the beginning as well as at the end of the intervention. EEG theta power increased in the vigilance task in anterior regions, alpha power in central and parietal regions in the dynamic compared to the static office. Further, increases in beta activity in the attention and vigilance task were shown in frontal and central regions in the dynamic office. Gamma power increased in the attention task in frontal and central regions. After 2 weeks, effects on brain activity increased in the attentional and vigilance task in the dynamic office. Increased theta and alpha oscillations were obtained in anterior areas with higher activity in the beta band in anterior and central areas in the dynamic compared to the static office. EEG oscillatory patterns indicate beneficial effects of dynamic office environments on attentional and vigilance performance that are mediated by increased motor activity. We discuss the obtained patterns of EEG oscillations in terms of the close interrelations between the attentional and the motor system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Office Environments Improve Brain Activity and Attentional Performance Mediated by Increased Motor Activity

Henz

Schöllhorn

2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…This phase was characterized by the 30 s of quiet standing, however, only the first 5 s were evaluated. Previous studies suggested that the first 5 s after postural perturbations are crucial when assessing balance control in older adults [ 42 , 43 ]. Mean CoP V and CoP SD in both directions were evaluated (CoP V AP5 , CoP V ML5 and CoP SD AP5 , CoP SD ML5 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in stair descent balance control: Are women more prone to falls than men?

2021

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Stair descent is one of the most common forms of daily locomotion and concurrently one of the most challenging and hazardous daily activities performed by older adults. Thus, sufficient attention should be devoted to this locomotion and to the factors that affect it. This study investigates gender and age-related differences in balance control during and after stair descent on a foam mat. Forty-seven older adults (70% women) and 38 young adults (58% women) performed a descent from one step onto a foam mat. Anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) centre of pressure velocity (CoP) and standard deviation of the CoP sway were investigated during stair descent and restabilization. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed the main effects of age for the first 5 s of restabilization. Older women exhibited significantly higher values of CoP sway and velocity in both directions compared to the younger individuals (CoP SDAP5, 55%; CoP SDML5, 30%; CoP VAP5, 106%; CoP VML5, 75%). Men achieved significantly higher values of CoP sway and velocity only in the AP direction compared to their younger counterparts (CoP SDAP5, 50% and CoP VAP5, 79%). These findings suggest that with advancing age, men are at higher risk of forward falls, whereas women are at higher risk of forward and sideways falls.

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“…Our results on SRT are in line with previous studies showing a deterioration in reaction time when performing another task simultaneously, such as contralateral movements (65), a secondary cognitive task (66), a postural task (67) or walking (68, 69). However, previous studies have reported that cognitive DTC is highly variable depending on several factors such as attention (70), age and gender (18,35,36,38,(71)(72)(73)(74), task type and difficulty (35,36,39,63,70,75), and these variables show a complex interaction. In addition, several studies have shown that cognitive performance in DT did not change compared to ST (17,[19][20][21] or even improved (17,18,20,29).…”

Section: E Ect Of Complexity Of the Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive dual-task cost depends on the complexity of the cognitive task, but not on age and disease

Bianchini

Warmerdam²,

Romijnders³

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionDual-tasking (DT) while walking is common in daily life and can affect both gait and cognitive performance depending on age, attention prioritization, task complexity and medical condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DT on cognitive DT cost (DTC) (i) in a dataset including participants of different age groups, with different neurological disorders and chronic low-back pain (cLBP) (ii) at different levels of cognitive task complexity, and (iii) in the context of a setting relevant to daily life, such as combined straight walking and turning.Materials and methodsNinety-one participants including healthy younger and older participants and patients with Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Stroke and cLBP performed a simple reaction time (SRT) task and three numerical Stroop tasks under the conditions congruent (StC), neutral (StN) and incongruent (StI). The tasks were performed both standing (single task, ST) and walking (DT), and DTC was calculated. Mixed ANOVAs were used to determine the effect of group and task complexity on cognitive DTC.ResultsA longer response time in DT than in ST was observed during SRT. However, the response time was shorter in DT during StI. DTC decreased with increasing complexity of the cognitive task. There was no significant effect of age and group on cognitive DTC.ConclusionOur results suggest that regardless of age and disease group, simple cognitive tasks show the largest and most stable cognitive effects during DT. This may be relevant to the design of future observational studies, clinical trials and for clinical routine.

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The effect of performing a dual-task on postural control and selective attention of older adults when stepping backward

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Dynamic Office Environments Improve Brain Activity and Attentional Performance Mediated by Increased Motor Activity

Dynamic Office Environments Improve Brain Activity and Attentional Performance Mediated by Increased Motor Activity

Age-related differences in stair descent balance control: Are women more prone to falls than men?

Cognitive dual-task cost depends on the complexity of the cognitive task, but not on age and disease

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