The Effect of Pelleting and Wafering on the Feeding Value of Roughage—a Review*

Minson, D. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00324.x

Cited by 105 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The benefits to be derived from grinding and pelleting forages in terms of improved animal performance have been well documented (Weir, Meyer, Garrett, Lofgreen & Ittner, 1959;Lloyd, Crampton, Donefer & Beacom, 1960;Minson, 1963;Beardsley, 1964;Moore, 1964). With the development of more efficient crop driers, the artificial dehydration of forage crops and packaging of such materials by grinding and pelleting has gained a renewed impetus.…”

Section: E Beever and Others I972mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect in sheep of physical form and stage of growth on the sites of digestion of a dried grass

et al. 1972

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I . The efyect of grinding and pelleting artificially dried S 24 perennial rye-grass (LoZium perenne L.) cut at two stages of maturity on sites of digestion of organic matter, energy and carbohydratc were studied in sheep with re-entrant intestinal cannulas fitted at the proximal duodenum and terminal ileum. Chopped and pelleted grasses at both stages of maturity were each given at 900 g dry matter/zq h to each of five sheep; the two forms of the early-cut grass were also given at 1400 g dry msltter/zq h each to four of the fivc shccp. 2.With the carly-cut grass, grinding and pelleting caused a depression in digestibility of organic matter (low level, P < 0 . 0 5 ; high level, P < woor), lo\vered the proportion of the digested organic matter disappearing before the small intestine (low level only, P < 0.05) and significantly increased that disappearing in the caccum and colon (low level, P 4 0.05 ; high level, P < OYJOI). Increase in stagc of maturity significantly depressed digestibility of organic matter ( P < 0001) with both forms of grass and, with the chopped form, significantly increased the proportion of digestible organic matter disappearing in the caecum and colon (P < 0.01). Increase in level of feeding of the pelleted, early-cut grass significantly lowered organic matter digestibility ( P < O . O~) , reduced the proportion of digestible organic matter disappearing in the small intestine ( P 4 005) and increased that occurring in the caecum and colon ( P < 0.05). 3.With the early-cut grass, grinding and pelleting caused 3 depression in digestibility of gross energy only at the higher level of intake ( P < O O I ) , and reduced the proportion of apparently digestible energy disappearing before the small intestine (IOW level, P < 0.001 ; high level, P < 0.05). Only with the chopped form did stagc of maturity affect sites of energy digestion; with the more mature grass disappearance of energy in the reticulo-rumen declined ( P < 0.01) and that in the caecum and colon increascd (P < 0301).The effects of level of feeding were similar to those observed for organic matter.4. With the early-cut grass, and at both levels of intake, digcstibilities of cellulose and hemicellulose were depressed by grinding and pelleting ( P < O.OOI), as were the proportions of digestible cellulose and hemicellulose disappearing before the small intestinc (P < 0.001).Thc proportions of these digestible fractions disappearing in the caecum and colon werc significantly increased ( P < 0.001). Increase in stage of maturity depresscd cellulose digcstibility (P i 0.001) of the chopped but not pelletcd grass and depressed hemicellulose digestibility of both forms ( P < 0001). The effects of increase in maturity at harvest on sites of digestion depended upon the form of the grass, With the chopped form, as stage of maturity increased, the proportion of digestible hemiccllulose disappearing in the reticulo-rumen fell ( P < 0.01) and that, and the proportion of digestible cellulose, disappearing in the caecum and colon increased ( P < 0'01...

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Section: E Beever and Others I972mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect in sheep of physical form and stage of growth on the sites of digestion of a dried grass

et al. 1972

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“…Através da avaliação de 21 estudos, Minson (1963) encontrou diminuição na digestibilidade da matéria seca de volumosos peletizados, à medida que aumentava o consumo de energia bruta, sendo que essa queda ficou em torno de 33 g/Kg de matéria seca.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…O alto desaparecimento da fibra do material peletizado, que somente foi inferior ao feno de aveia, resulta em baixo período de permanência da parede celular no rúmen, o que dificulta a fermentação bacteriana ruminal (MINSON, 1963). Esse quadro é agravado pelo fato de forragens peletizadas proporcionarem diminuição da mastigação, consequentemente diminuição da salivação, o que acarreta decréscimo do poder tampão e pH ruminal, dificultando, dessa forma, a ação bacteriana na fermentação dos carboidratos estruturais (MOORE, 1964), o que leva à diminuição na relação acetato/ propionato e, consequentemente, diminuição da gordura do leite encontrada em vários trabalhos que utilizavam volumosos peletizados como alimento (OSBOURN et al, 1976).…”

Section: Tempo De Incubação (H)unclassified

“…Conforme evidências do presente estudo e de dados de literatura (THOMSON e BEEVER, 1980;MINSON, 1963) Conforme pode ser observado na Tabela 4, a fração solúvel (a) da MS foi maior para o feno de aveia (27,16%). O feno de Coast cross obteve o menor valor (13,89%).…”

Section: Tempo De Incubação (H)unclassified

“…Na revisão dos efeitos do fornecimento de volumosos peletizados, encontrou-se aumento no ganho de peso diário (BEARDSLEY, 1964;MINSON 1963), aumento no consumo diário de matéria seca (BEARDSLEY, 1964;SCCHIARI et al, 1993), decréscimo no requerimento alimentar por unidade de ganho (BEARDSLEY, 1964) e melhora na suculência da carne de búfalos (CHARLES, 1998;CHARLES e JOHNSON, 1975). Greenhalgh e Reid (1973) demonstraram que a resposta ao aumento no consumo de forragens peletizadas é maior para carneiros do que para bovinos, e, maior para animais jovens quando comparados aos animais adultos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Degradabilidade ruminal dos fenos de aveia (Avena sativum L), Coast cross (Cynodon dactilon L.), e grama Esmeralda (Joysia japonica) peletizado ou não

et al. 2006

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ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) do feno de aveia (FA), feno de Coast cross (FCC), feno de grama Esmeralda peletizado (FEP) e feno de grama Esmeralda (FE). Foi utilizada a técnica in situ com quatro bovinos machos, castrados, fistulados no rúmen, distribuídos em um delineamento experimental em quadrado latino 4x4. O material foi incubado no rúmen nos tempos de 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 e 144 horas. Não houve diferença entre os fenos na taxa de degradação (c, %/h) para a PB, FDN e FDA. Para a MS, o FA e FEP apresentaram maior taxa de degradação. Houve diferença na degradabilidade efetiva (DE) da MS dos fenos sendo os valores observados: FA, 48,74%; FEP, 42,44%; FE, 35,13%; FCC, 30,24%. Conclui-se que o feno de aveia obteve maiores valores para a fração solúvel e maior degradabilidade efetiva para todos os nutrientes avaliados e a peletização da grama Esmeralda promoveu maior DE da MS e da fibra, sem alterar a DE da PB. Palavras-chave: Alimentos, degradação, ruminantes, volumoso AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of the oat hay (OH), Coast cross hay (CCH), pellet Esmeralda grass hay (PEH) and Esmeralda grass hay (EH). The in situ technique was used, with four bovines, castrated, rumen fistulated, distributed in an Latin square 4x4 experimental design. The material was incubated in the rumen in the times 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 144 hours. There was no

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Rice Hulls

Luh

1991

Rice

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According to the statistics supplied by the IRRI (1988), the world's paddy rice (Oryza sativa) production in 1987 was 470 million MT. Most of this tonnage is produced in Southeast Asia. A major derivative of the rice crop is the hull, a fibrous, nondigestible commodity representing some 20% of the dried paddy on-stalk (Yoshida 1981). Dried paddy on-stalk yields 52 wt% of white rice, 20% hull, 15% stalk, and 10% bran. The remaining 3% is lost in the conversion process. If all the paddy rice available were commercially milled, 98 million MT of hulls would have been produced in 1987. Because of their abrasive character, poor nutritive value, low bulk density, and high ash content, only a small percentage of the hulls can be disposed of for certain low-value applications such as chicken litter, juice-pressing aids, and animal roughage. If not properly utilized, rice hulls will create a growing problem of space and pollution in the environment. In some countries, rice hulls and straw are used as fuel in parboiling paddy rice. It is likely that hull utilization will increase in light of the high cost of fuel and the energy crisis confronting the world population.The chemistry and technology of rice hulls have been reviewed (Houston

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The Effect of Pelleting and Wafering on the Feeding Value of Roughage—a Review*

Cited by 105 publications

References 34 publications

The effect in sheep of physical form and stage of growth on the sites of digestion of a dried grass

The effect in sheep of physical form and stage of growth on the sites of digestion of a dried grass

Degradabilidade ruminal dos fenos de aveia (Avena sativum L), Coast cross (Cynodon dactilon L.), e grama Esmeralda (Joysia japonica) peletizado ou não

Rice Hulls

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