The effect of peening-shot size on the performance of carbon-steel springs

Bird, Guy; Saynor, D.

doi:10.1016/0378-3804(84)90065-2

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Several authors have shown that shot peening improved the fatigue strength but shot size had little effect on the extent of the endurance limit. However, a smaller shot size showed better improvements on the fatigue life of a spring steel [6]. Lepand [7] obtained a higher residual stress for harder shot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Shot Peening on Residual Stress and Fatigue Life of a Spring Steel

Farrahi

Lebrijn

Couratin

1995

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

162

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This study describes shot peening effects such as shot hardness, shot size and shot projection pressure, on the residual stress distribution and fatigue life in reversed torsion of a 60SC7 spring steel. There appears to be a correlation between the fatigue strength and the area under the residual stress distribution curve. The biggest shot shows the best fatigue lie improvement. However, for a shorter time of shot peening, small hard shot showed the best performance. Moreover, the superficial residual stresses and the amount of work hardening (characterised by the width of the X-ray diffraction line) do not remain stable during fatigue cycling. Indeed they decrease and their reduction rate is a function of the cyclic stress level and an inverse function of the depth of the plastically deformed surface layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Shot Peening on Residual Stress and Fatigue Life of a Spring Steel

Farrahi

Lebrijn

Couratin

1995

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

162

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“…In order to counter the tensile stresses from loading at the surface and improve fatigue resistance, shot-peening, introducing compressive stresses at the surface, has been used as an important element of the manufacturing technology (Niku-Lari, 1981;Bird & Saynor, 1984). As a result of this operation, the fatigue life of leaf springs for example, can be increased up to 10 times.…”

Section: Inverse States Buffering the Anticipated State With A Negati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Risk through Segmentation, Permutations, Time and Space Exposure, Inverse States, and Separation

Todinov

2015

International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management

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The paper features a number of new generic principles for reducing technical risk with a very wide application area. Permutations of interchangeable components/operations in a system can reduce significantly the risk of system failure at no extra cost. Reducing the time of exposure and the space of exposure can also reduce risk significantly. Technical risk can be reduced effectively by introducing inverse states countering negative effects during service. The application of this principle in logistic supply networks leads to a significant reduction of the risk of congestion and delays. The associated reduction of transportation costs and environmental pollution has the potential to save billions of dollars to the world economy. Separation is a risk-reduction principle which is very efficient in the cases of separating functions to be carried out by different components and for blocking out a common cause. Segmentation is a generic principle for risk reduction which is particularly efficient in reducing the load distribution, vulnerability to a single failure, the hazard potential and damage escalation.

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“…Shot-peening of the surface of automotive suspension springs, for example, is an example of reinforcement. It introduces compressive residual stresses in the surface of the spring coil and strengthens the resistance of a loaded spring against fatigue failure (Niku Lari, 1981;Bird and Saynor, 1984). The cold expansion, used in aviation for creating compressive stresses at the surface of fastener holes (Fu et al, 2015) is another example of reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability improvement and risk reduction through self-reinforcement

Todinov¹

2018

IJRAM

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The method of self-reinforcement has been introduced as a domain-independent method for improving reliability and reducing risk. A key feature of self-reinforcement is that increasing the external/internal forces intensifies the system's response against these forces. As a result, the driving net force towards precipitating failure is reduced. In many cases, the self-reinforcement mechanisms achieve remarkable reliability increase at no extra cost. Two principal ways of self-reinforcement have been identified: reinforcement by capturing a proportional compensating factor and reinforcement by using feedback loops. Mechanisms of transforming forces and motion into self-reinforcing response have been introduced and demonstrated through appropriate examples. Mechanisms achieving selfreinforcement response by self-aligning, self-anchoring and modified geometry have also been introduced. For the first time, the potential of positive feedback loops to achieve self-reinforcement and risk reduction was demonstrated. In this respect, it is shown that self-energizing, fast growth and fast transition provided by positive feedback loops can be used with success for achieving reliability improvement. Finally, a classification was proposed of methods and techniques for reliability improvement and risk reduction based on the method of self-reinforcement.

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The effect of peening-shot size on the performance of carbon-steel springs

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Shot Peening on Residual Stress and Fatigue Life of a Spring Steel

Effect of Shot Peening on Residual Stress and Fatigue Life of a Spring Steel

Reducing Risk through Segmentation, Permutations, Time and Space Exposure, Inverse States, and Separation

Reliability improvement and risk reduction through self-reinforcement

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