The effect of parathyroid hormone on the numbers of nuclei in feline odontoclasts in vivo

Addison, W. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1980.tb00311.x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Under basal pH conditions, cultured feline osteoclasts were larger than human PMBC-derived osteoclasts unless stimulated by TGFb (Massey et al, 2001). Previous histological studies (Addison, 1979(Addison, , 1980 have shown that feline osteoclasts are larger than those from other species, of the order of 300 mm in diameter, with the number of nuclei often exceeding 100 (Allen et al, 1981;Ibbotson et al, 1984;Pharoah and Heersche, 1985). In contrast, osteoclasts isolated from neonatal mouse bone or grown in vitro are small and frequently have less than five nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The in vitro effect of pH on osteoclasts and bone resorption in the cat: Implications for the pathogenesis of FORL

Muzylak

Arnett

Price

et al. 2007

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Dental disease due to osteoclast over-activity reaches epidemic proportions in older domestic cats and has also been reported in wild cats. Feline osteoclastic resorptive lesions (FORL) involve extensive resorption of the tooth leaving it liable to root fracture and subsequent tooth loss. The aetio-pathogenesis of FORL is not known. Recent work has shown that systemic acidosis causes increased osteoclast activation and that loci of infection or inflammation in cat mouth are likely to be acidotic. To investigate this, we generated osteoclasts from cat blood and found that they formed in large numbers (approximately 400) in cultures on bovine cortical bone slices. Acidosis caused an increase in the size of cells-in cultures maintained up to 14 days at basal pH 7.25, mean osteoclast area was 0.01 +/- 0.003 mm(2), whereas an 8.6-fold increase was observed in cells cultured between 11 and 14 days at pH 7.15 (0.086 +/- 0.004 mm(2)). Acidosis caused a modest increase in the number of osteoclasts. Exposure to pH 6.92 exhibited a 5-fold increase in the area of bone slices covered by resorption lacunae ( approximately 70% bone slice resorbed). In line with this finding, significant increases were observed in the expression of cathepsin K and proton pump enzymes (both approximately 3-fold) that are key enzymes reflective of resorptive activity in osteoclasts. These results demonstrate that acidosis is a major regulator of osteoclast formation and functional activation in the cat, and suggest that local pH changes may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of FORL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The in vitro effect of pH on osteoclasts and bone resorption in the cat: Implications for the pathogenesis of FORL

Muzylak

Arnett

Price

et al. 2007

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…In pathological situations such as Paget’s disease, each OC has been shown to contain up to more than 100 nuclei [ 42 ]. Although human OCs in vitro can contain many nuclei in given experimental conditions, the vast majority of active OCs have 10 nuclei or less [ 38 , 43 , 44 ]. Several studies have shown that an increasing number of nuclei per OC results in an enhanced bone resorptive activity [ 17 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion Potential of Human Osteoclasts In Vitro Reflects Age, Menopause, and In Vivo Bone Resorption Levels of Their Donors—A Possible Involvement of DC-STAMP

Møller

Delaissé

Olesen

et al. 2020

IJMS

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It is well established that multinucleation is central for osteoclastic bone resorption. However, our knowledge on the mechanisms regulating how many nuclei an osteoclast will have is limited. The objective of this study was to investigate donor-related variations in the fusion potential of in vitro-generated osteoclasts. Therefore, CD14+ monocytes were isolated from 49 healthy female donors. Donor demographics were compared to the in vivo bone biomarker levels and their monocytes’ ability to differentiate into osteoclasts, showing that: (1) C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) levels increase with age, (2) the number of nuclei per osteoclast in vitro increases with age, and (3) there is a positive correlation between the number of nuclei per osteoclast in vitro and CTX levels in vivo. Furthermore, the expression levels of the gene encoding dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DCSTAMP) of osteoclasts in vitro correlated positively with the number of nuclei per osteoclast, CTX levels in vivo, and donor age. Our results furthermore suggest that these changes in gene expression may be mediated through age-related changes in DNA methylation levels. We conclude that both intrinsic factors and age-induced increase in fusion potential of osteoclasts could be contributing factors for the enhanced bone resorption in vivo, possibly caused by increased expression levels of DCSTAMP.

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Resorption of the mouse incisor after the application of cold to the periodontal attachment apparatus

1986

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In order to study in detail the processes leading to the resorption and ankylosis of teeth after trauma, the effects of cold application on the periodontal tissues were studied in the mouse. Liquid nitrogen was applied locally to the outer surface of the lower jaw which resulted in a freezing of the incisor and its surrounding tissues. The healing processes in the damaged periodontal ligament and the accompanying phenomena of ankylosis and dental root resorption were investigated histologically at both the light and electron microscopic levels. As a result of cold application, the cells in the periodontal ligament were killed. After a few days, the ligament started to be repopulated with cells like fibroblasts and macrophages. From 3 days on, mineral crystallites were deposited along the cementum covering the lingual, mesial, and lateral surfaces of the incisor, finally resulting in a 4-6 micron thick layer. During the period of 7-12 days following cold application, this layer of mineralized material started to be phagocytosed and degraded, presumably by mononuclear cells. Finally, extensive root resorption and some ankylosis between the tooth and the alveolar bone were observed. In the resorbed areas, cells were seen which could not be distinguished from osteoclasts. In some instances, their ruffled border was in close apposition with each of the three mineralized tissues--dentin, cementum, and alveolar bone. It is hypothesized that the deposition and subsequent phagocytosis of mineralized material along the root surface may be an important factor in the initiation of dental root resorption.

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The effect of parathyroid hormone on the numbers of nuclei in feline odontoclasts in vivo

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

The in vitro effect of pH on osteoclasts and bone resorption in the cat: Implications for the pathogenesis of FORL

The in vitro effect of pH on osteoclasts and bone resorption in the cat: Implications for the pathogenesis of FORL

Fusion Potential of Human Osteoclasts In Vitro Reflects Age, Menopause, and In Vivo Bone Resorption Levels of Their Donors—A Possible Involvement of DC-STAMP

Resorption of the mouse incisor after the application of cold to the periodontal attachment apparatus

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