The effect of paraoxon on spermatogenesis in Dugesia gonocephala from the Chilean Altiplano: proliferation and apoptosis

Rodríguez, Héctor; Espinoza-Navarro, Omar; Silva, Iván; Needham, D.B.; Castro, María Eugenia; Sarabia, L.A.; Inostroza, Jorge; Jiménez, Leonella

doi:10.1007/s11356-010-0385-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Insecticide concentrations from 10 µM up to 1 mM were assayed and were in accordance with previous studies. Concentrations up to 800 µM paraoxon-ethyl were used for incubating planarians 25 , while concentrations ranging from 13 µM up to 57 µM were reported for diazinon, fenitrothion, parathion, chlorpyrifos and malathion 26 , 27 . The viability of D. japonica for concentrations up to 500 µM was also described and the authors showed that dichlorvos was 100 times more toxic than chlorpyrifos suggesting that toxicity is strongly dependent on the insecticide 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, planarians have emerged as an alternative animal model for toxicology and neurotoxicology 22 , 23 . Dugesia japonica 24 , D. gonocephala 25 , D. dorotocephala 26 , and D. tigrina 27 have been shown to be negatively affected by OP exposure. Cholinesterase activity was demonstrated in planarians and their sensitivity to OPs has been highlighted albeit lower than Homo sapiens AChE ( Hs- AChE) 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymatic degradation of organophosphorus insecticides decreases toxicity in planarians and enhances survival

Poirier

Brun

Jacquet

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Organophosphorus insecticides (OPs) are toxic compounds used for agricultural purposes and responsible for severe types of contamination worldwide. OPs may also induce chronic deleterious effects and developmental disruption. Finding remediation strategies is a major concern to diminish their impact on environment and human health. Enzymes have emerged as a promising eco-friendly route for decontaminating OPs. The enzyme SsoPox from the archaea Sulfolobus solfataricus has been particularly studied, considering both its tremendous stability and phosphotriesterase activity. However, the toxicity of the degradation products generated through enzyme hydrolysis has been poorly investigated. To address both neurotoxicity and developmental perturbation, freshwater planarians from Platyhelminthes were considered to evaluate the impact of OP and degradation product exposure. Planarians have a large proportion of stem cells that give them an unconventional capacity for regeneration. OPs were found to be highly toxic to planarians and enzyme decontamination drastically enhanced survival rate. Although not completely innocuous, the degradation products were found to be less toxic than insecticides and reduced poisoning effects by increasing NOEC values by up to eight-fold. SsoPox also limited detrimental consequences on planarian mobility and enabled them to recover a non-exposed type regeneration process suggesting that enzymatic decontamination is a promising alternative to bioremediation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic degradation of organophosphorus insecticides decreases toxicity in planarians and enhances survival

Poirier

Brun

Jacquet

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Organophosphorus poisoning in animals and enzymatic antidotes

Poirier

Jacquet

Plener

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) are neurotoxic molecules developed as pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs). Most of them are covalent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a key enzyme in nervous systems, and are therefore responsible for numerous poisonings around the world. Many animal models have been studied over the years in order to decipher the toxicity of OPs and to provide insights for therapeutic and decontamination purposes. Environmental impact on wild animal species has been analyzed to understand the consequences of OP uses in agriculture. In complement, various laboratory models, from invertebrates to aquatic organisms, rodents and primates, have been chosen to study chronic and acute toxicity as well as neurobehavioral impact, immune response, developmental disruption, and other pathological signs. Several decontamination approaches were developed to counteract the poisoning effects of OPs. Among these, enzyme-based strategies are particularly attractive as they allow efficient external decontamination without toxicity or environmental impact and may be of interest for treatment. Approaches using bioscavengers for prophylaxis, treatment, and external decontamination are emphasized and their potential is discussed in the light of toxicological observations from various animal models. The relevance of animal models, regarding their cholinergic system and the abundance of naturally protecting enzymes, is also discussed for better extrapolation of results to human.

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Calcium plays a key role in paraoxon-induced apoptosis in EL4 cells by regulating both endoplasmic reticulum- and mitochondria-associated pathways

et al. 2016

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods

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The effect of paraoxon on spermatogenesis in Dugesia gonocephala from the Chilean Altiplano: proliferation and apoptosis

Abstract: Paraoxon inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis during spermatogenesis in adult planarians from a high-altitude, pollution-free environment. This could suggest its use as a biosensor or biomarker for contamination with agro pesticides.

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Enzymatic degradation of organophosphorus insecticides decreases toxicity in planarians and enhances survival

Enzymatic degradation of organophosphorus insecticides decreases toxicity in planarians and enhances survival

Organophosphorus poisoning in animals and enzymatic antidotes

Calcium plays a key role in paraoxon-induced apoptosis in EL4 cells by regulating both endoplasmic reticulum- and mitochondria-associated pathways

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