The Effect of Paclobutrazol on the Development of Zebrafish (<i>Danio Rerio</i>) Embryos

Yekti, Aulia Puspita Anugra; HsuHwei-Jan,; WangWen-Der,

doi:10.1089/zeb.2013.0902

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results indicate that exposure of 17 µM PBZ to zebrafish embryos beginning at 24, 36 or 48 hpf causes all embryos to exhibit mild or severe defects in the head skeleton. In our previous study, we found that exposure of 17 µM PBZ to zebrafish embryos from 2 hpf diminishes the number of neural crest cells at 36 hpf and severely affects head skeleton morphology [13]. Combined with the observations from our previous study, our current data suggest that the embryonic toxicity of PBZ on head skeletal development is not only limited to effects on the neural crest population, but PBZ also interferes with differentiation of migrated neural crest cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…PBZ specifically affects cardiac looping, which may lead to a slower heart beat accompanied by pericardia edema. The pesticide also decreases the population of migratory neural crest cells, which give rise to craniofacial cartilage [13]. We also reported that PBZ has toxic effects on embryonic development of digestive organs and retinal photoreceptor cells in zebrafish [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Zebrafish develop a simple pattern of early larval cartilages and bones, which is highly conserved among vertebrates [23,24]. Our previous study demonstrated that exposing zebrafish embryos to PBZ at 2 hpf dose-dependently resulted in head skeletal malformations [13]. Here we further examined which embryonic stage is the critical point at which PBZ exposure can induce malformations of the head skeleton.…”

Section: Pbz Impairs Head Skeleton Development At Early Embryonic Stamentioning

confidence: 91%

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Toxic Effects of Paclobutrazol on Developing Organs at Different Exposure Times in Zebrafish

Wang

Lonameo

2019

Toxics

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To enhance crop productivity and economic profit, farmers often use pesticides that modulate plant growth and prevent disease. However, contamination of ecosystems with agricultural pesticides may impair the health of resident biota. Paclobutrazol (PBZ), an aromatic-containing triazole, is widely applied to many crops in order to promote flowering and fruit setting, while also regulating plant growth and preventing fungus-related diseases. Due to its high mobility, high stability and potential for bioaccumulation, the risks of PBZ to the health of organisms and ecological systems have become a serious concern. In previous studies, we documented the toxicity of PBZ on developing heart, eyes, liver, pancreas and intestine of zebrafish. In this study, we sought to further understand the developmental stage-specific impacts of PBZ on digestive organs and other tissues. Zebrafish were exposed to PBZ beginning at different embryonic stages, and the toxic effects on organs were evaluated at 120 hpf (hours post-fertilization) by in situ hybridization staining with tissue-specific marker genes, such as liver, intestine and pancreas. Unsurprisingly, early-stage embryos exhibited higher sensitivity to PBZ-induced death and developmental hypoplasia of digestive organs. Interestingly, the developing liver and pancreas were more sensitive to PBZ than intestine when embryos were exposed at early stages, but these tissues showed lower sensitivity at later stages. Our delineation of the differential toxic effects of PBZ on developing organs at different exposure timings can serve as a powerful reference for further studies into the mechanisms of PBZ organ toxicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Pbz Impairs Head Skeleton Development At Early Embryonic Stamentioning

confidence: 91%

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Toxic Effects of Paclobutrazol on Developing Organs at Different Exposure Times in Zebrafish

Wang

Lonameo

2019

Toxics

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“…Its effects during development were examined in the zebrafish. Wang and colleagues showed that paclobutrazol disrupted heart development by affecting cardiac looping and produced pericardia edema [77]. …”

Section: Toxic Substances Causing Heart Defects In Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies, including a more recent study, showed heart malformation effects of zebrafish carbaryl exposure [87]. The fungicide paclobutrazol exposure during development also reduced heart rate, but the reduction may be associated to the paclobutrazol-induced defective heart structure [77]. …”

Section: Toxic Substances Causing Heart Defects In Zebrafishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish as a Vertebrate Model System to Evaluate Effects of Environmental Toxicants on Cardiac Development and Function

Sarmah

2016

IJMS

114

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Environmental pollution is a serious problem of the modern world that possesses a major threat to public health. Exposure to environmental pollutants during embryonic development is particularly risky. Although many pollutants have been verified as potential toxicants, there are new chemicals in the environment that need assessment. Heart development is an extremely sensitive process, which can be affected by environmentally toxic molecule exposure during embryonic development. Congenital heart defects are the most common life-threatening global health problems, and the etiology is mostly unknown. The zebrafish has emerged as an invaluable model to examine substance toxicity on vertebrate development, particularly on cardiac development. The zebrafish offers numerous advantages for toxicology research not found in other model systems. Many laboratories have used the zebrafish to study the effects of widespread chemicals in the environment on heart development, including pesticides, nanoparticles, and various organic pollutants. Here, we review the uses of the zebrafish in examining effects of exposure to external molecules during embryonic development in causing cardiac defects, including chemicals ubiquitous in the environment and illicit drugs. Known or potential mechanisms of toxicity and how zebrafish research can be used to provide mechanistic understanding of cardiac defects are discussed.

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Paclobutrazol exposure induces apoptosis and impairs autophagy in hepatocytes via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway

Luo

Sun

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Paclobutrazol (PBZ), one of the most widely used plant growth retardants in vegetables, fruits, and traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, exposes people to adverse events. In this study, HepaRG hepatocytes were cultured and exposed to PBZ (360 μM) in vitro to determine its mechanism. Results showed that PBZ exposure inhibited cell viability in a time-and dose-dependent manner and increased the oxidative stress and apoptosis ratio in HepaRG cells. These data revealed that the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has an important role in PBZ-induced cell apoptosis, which is mediated by impaired autophagy and blocked by the AMPK activator. In conclusion, PBZ exposure induces apoptosis and impairs autophagy in hepatocytes via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

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The Effect of Paclobutrazol on the Development of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Embryos

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Toxic Effects of Paclobutrazol on Developing Organs at Different Exposure Times in Zebrafish

Toxic Effects of Paclobutrazol on Developing Organs at Different Exposure Times in Zebrafish

Zebrafish as a Vertebrate Model System to Evaluate Effects of Environmental Toxicants on Cardiac Development and Function

Paclobutrazol exposure induces apoptosis and impairs autophagy in hepatocytes via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway

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