The Effect of Organic Diluent on the Extraction of Eu(III) by HEH[EHP]

Molecular Forces in Liquid–Liquid Extraction

“…A very large number of species may thus be present. Moreover, the measured values of the slopes are not always integers, except at very low extractant concentration where only the lowest aggregation number is present, which does not necessarily represent an industrial process. ,, The definition of these species cannot be done in a simple way, which is problematic. In addition, it is not unique.…”

“…It was known empirically that volatile solvents are better choices for efficiency while being bad choices for safety; the origin of this ironic fact is that dangerous solvents were better solvents …”

“…This effect simply falls out of reach of the supramolecular and organometallic approaches since both exclude solvent completely from consideration. The aforementioned solvent effect has been noted as “surprising” and “ironical” that, all other conditions being equal, the more volatile solvents that have a low flash point are also the more effective in extraction . The ienaics approach makes these surprising observations quite clear: while the complexation free energy remains the same, the chain term is much lower for the volatile solvent.…”

Effect of diluent on the extraction of europium(iii) and americium(iii) with N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl diglycolamide (TODGA)

“…However, in solvent extraction, simple correlations of extraction constants (K d ) against solubility parameters are not sufficient for predictions of the extraction outcome. 20 At the same time systematic experimental studies on the diluent effect are very scarce. 21 In order to further investigate the effects of diluent on extraction, the aim of this study is the systematic evaluation of the molecular diluent effect on the extraction of trivalent europium and americium from nitric acid solutions with N,N,N 0 ,N 0 -tetraoctyl diglycolamide as an extracting agent.…”

“…However, in solvent extraction, simple correlations of extraction constants ( K d ) against solubility parameters are not sufficient for predictions of the extraction outcome. 20 At the same time systematic experimental studies on the diluent effect are very scarce. 21 …”