The Effect of Orally Administered Streptomycin and Sulfathalidine Upon the Bacterial Flora of the Colon

Spaulding, Earle H.; Madajewski, Dorothy S.; Rowe, Robert J.; Bacon, Harry E.

doi:10.1128/jb.58.3.279-289.1949

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During the 1950s and 1960s, varying oral antibiotics and varying mechanical preparations were used following the apparent failure of the sulfa compounds that were used. The aminoglycoside antibiotics of streptomycin [ 62 ], neomycin [ 63 ], and kanamycin [ 64 ] were evaluated because of their broad activity against colonic gram negative bacteria and because they are not absorbed from the gut. The role of anaerobes in infections following colonic contamination was not fully appreciated at this time, and Poth believed that disrupting the anaerobic environment of the colonic lumen was sufficient without specific antimicrobial coverage [ 8 ].…”

Section: Prevention Of Ssis In Elective Colon Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Elective Colon Surgery

Fry

2013

Scientifica

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Infections at the surgical site continue to occur in as many as 20% of elective colon resection cases. Methods to reduce these infections are inconsistently applied. Surgical site infection (SSI) is the result of multiple interactive variables including the inoculum of bacteria that contaminate the site, the virulence of the contaminating microbes, and the local environment at the surgical site. These variables that promote infection are potentially offset by the effectiveness of the host defense. Reduction in the inoculum of bacteria is achieved by appropriate surgical site preparation, systemic preventive antibiotics, and use of mechanical bowel preparation in conjunction with the oral antibiotic bowel preparation. Intraoperative reduction of hematoma, necrotic tissue, foreign bodies, and tissue dead space will reduce infections. Enhancement of the host may be achieved by perioperative supplemental oxygenation, maintenance of normothermia, and glycemic control. These methods require additional research to identify optimum application. Uniform application of currently understood methods and continued research into new methods to reduce microbial contamination and enhancement of host responsiveness can lead to better outcomes.

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Section: Prevention Of Ssis In Elective Colon Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Elective Colon Surgery

Fry

2013

Scientifica

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show abstract

“…The highest concentration of aureomycin used in their studies was 0.1 mg/ml, and it is only at higher levels of antibiotic concentration that the stimulatory effect of aureomycin becomes apparent. Furthermore, the role played by mere competition by bacteria for nutritive substrate cannot be of major importance since a number of studies of the effect of antibiotics on the intestinal flora indicate that the change is qualitative rather than quantitative; in fact the total bacterial count after continued antibiotic therapy frequently exceeds that existing before the administration of the drugs (Bierman and Jawetz, 1951;Dearing and Heilman, 1950;Lipman et al, 1946;Marshall et al, 1950;Metzger and Shapse, 1950;Spaulding et al, 1949).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%