The effect of oral rinses on organoleptic mouth odor ratings and levels of volatile sulfur compounds

Schmidt, Nicholas F.; Tarbet, Willard J.

doi:10.1016/s0030-4220(78)80009-7

Cited by 51 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A mouth rinse containing ZnCl 2 was effective in reducing malodor as measured both by an OR score and by the levels of mercaptans in exhaled air [43]. Other doubleblind studies performed in volunteers showed that Listerine [44] will reduce the levels of bacteria and OR scores for periods of 2 hours, and that a combination of zinc citrate and triclosan, used for 21 days, will reduce the VSCs in exhaled air [42].…”

Section: Studies Involving Chemical Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology and treatment of halitosis

Loesche

2003

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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The many thousands of individuals who experience oral malodor that stems from the overgrowth of proteolytic, anaerobic bacteria on their tongue surfaces can be successfully treated by a regimen that includes tongue brushing and tooth brushing, often in combination with a mouthrinse containing an antibacterial agent. Several candidate mouthrinses containing essential oils (Listerine; Warner-Lambert, Morris Plains, NJ), ZnCl(2), chlorine dioxide, or an oil:water-cetylpyridium chloride mouthrinse have reduced the organoleptic scores of individuals with moderate levels of oral malodor in the absence of tongue brushing. Very little long-term data beyond 6 weeks of use are available.

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Section: Studies Involving Chemical Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology and treatment of halitosis

Loesche

2003

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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“…Zinc chloride removes breath odor because the non-volatile zinc ions combine with VSCs 4) . Furthermore, zinc ions bind to sulfur-containing amino acids, inhibiting the production of VSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inhibitory effect of zinc chloride on halitosis has been identified in many basic clinical studies [4][5][6] . Recently, we reported that bismuth oxychloride, which is widely used as a synthetic pearl essence in cosmetics, is an effective VSC inhibitor 7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Zinc Chloride and Citric Acid on Release of Volatile Sulfur Compounds

Makita

Obana²,

Fujiwara

et al. 2013

J. Hard Tissue Biology.

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Research into halitosis (commonly referred to as "bad breath") has been increased recent years. Public awareness of halitosis has also increased, as a result of improved attention to hygiene, and the number of dental patients being treated for halitosis is increasing globally. Halitosis is known to be caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), formed by decomposition of sulfur-containing amino acids, and these can lead to infection of periodontal tissue. Previous studies have shown that zinc chloride and citric acid effectively suppress VSC release. In this study, we compared the VSC-inhibiting effects of zinc chloride alone, and of a zinc chloride/citric acid combination, in artificial saliva and in distilled water, each containing hydrogen sulfide. Our results showed that the inhibition of VSC release from distilled water achieved using citric acid/zinc chloride (18%) was less than that obtained using zinc chloride alone (27%). However, 100% inhibition was achieved in artificial saliva using the combined solutions, compared with 18% using zinc chloride alone. We believe that at the pH of the artificial saliva, some hydrogen sulfide is present as bisulfide ions, which readily react with zinc ions. Also, zinc ions form a chelate with citric acid, preventing formation of insoluble, unreactive zinc hydroxide. Our results suggest that a zinc chloride/citric acid combination would be an effective treatment for halitosis.

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“…Also, GV-100s gas detector chamber (Gastek or Gastech, Tokyo, Japan) was used to collect gas samples. After 5 min, the gas inside the flask was collected using a gas chamber to detect and measure the gas concentration 7) . A similar was test was carried out using distilled water instead of test sample solution as negative control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inhibitory Effect of Bismuth Oxychloride in Halithosis Caused by Volatile Sulfur Compounds

Wang

Obana²

2012

J. Hard Tissue Biology.

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Because of the awareness of people to good hygiene in recent years, there are now many people who are more concern about halitosis or commonly known as 'bad breath'. Therapeutic or prophylactic agents for the suppression of halitosis have increased. Zinc chloride has been recognized to affect volatile sulfur oxide which is the main substance that has been traditionally known to cause halitosis. In this study, we compared the inhibitory effect of bismuth oxychloride and zinc chloride in vitro on hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan sulfur which are volatile substances. As a result, both bismuth oxychloride and zinc oxide have the same inhibitory effect on hydrogen sulfide. On the other hand, bismuth oxychloride's inhibitory effect on methyl mercaptan is significantly higher than zinc chloride.

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The effect of oral rinses on organoleptic mouth odor ratings and levels of volatile sulfur compounds

Cited by 51 publications

References 11 publications

Microbiology and treatment of halitosis

Microbiology and treatment of halitosis

Inhibitory Effects of Zinc Chloride and Citric Acid on Release of Volatile Sulfur Compounds

The Inhibitory Effect of Bismuth Oxychloride in Halithosis Caused by Volatile Sulfur Compounds

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