The effect of object shape and mode of presentation on judgments of apparent volume

Frayman, Bruce J.; Dawson, William E.

doi:10.3758/bf03198840

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…This salience may be analogous to the salience of the longest linear dimension during visual perception of area and volume. It has been theorized that the visual percept of area and volume depends on the most salient dimension, which has been shown to be the elongation of objects ( Anastasi, 1936;Frayman & Dawson, 1981;Holmberg, 1975;Raghubir & Krishna, 1999;Stanek, 1968Stanek, , 1969Wansink & Van Ittersum, 2003). Along the same line, the most salient dimension of 3-D objects for the haptic volume task was probably the surface area, and that dimension therefore biased the judgment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…According to Piaget, this happens because the child tends to focus on just one dimension of the cylinder-that is, the height-in order to make the volume judgment. Studies performed with adult participants have also suggested that visual volume perception depends on the longest linear dimension of objects (Frayman & Dawson, 1981;Holmberg, 1975;Lauer, 1929;Raghubir & Krishna, 1999;Stanek, 1968Stanek, , 1969Wansink & Van Ittersum, 2003). This phenomenon has been termed the elongation bias.…”

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Haptic perception of volume and surface area of 3-D objects

Kahrimanovic

Tiest

Kappers

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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Haptic perception of volume (Experiment 1) and surface area (Experiment 2) was studied with tetrahedrons, cubes, and spheres as stimuli (2-14 cm 3 ). The results of Experiment 1 showed that subjects perceived a tetrahedron to be larger in volume than either a cube or a sphere of the same physical volume and that they perceived a cube to be larger than a sphere. This pattern was independent of object size. The biases were smaller in conditions with mass information than in those without. The average biases in the different conditions ranged from 7% to 67%. Analyses revealed that the subjects apparently based their volume judgments on the surface area of objects. Experiment 2 showed that surface area itself could be perceived accurately, almost independently of the objects' shape. Experiment 3 investigated volume perception of objects in the absence of surface area (wire-frame objects) and showed larger biases than those observed with solid objects. With wire-frame objects, the maximal distance between two vertex points was probably the dimension on which the volume judgment was based. In conclusion, haptic volume perception of geometric objects has to be inferred from other object properties, but surface area can be perceived unbiased.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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confidence: 99%

Haptic perception of volume and surface area of 3-D objects

Kahrimanovic

Tiest

Kappers

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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“…As a consequence, the judgments of the subjects are based on that salient property. Previous studies on volume perception of objects differing along the height-to-width ratio (e.g., different cylinders) have also suggested that volume judgments were influenced by the most salient dimension, which has been shown to be the lengths of objects during visual judgments, and the widths of objects during haptic judgments (e.g., Frayman & Dawson, 1981;Holmberg, 1975;Krishna, 2006;Stanek, 1968Stanek, , 1969.…”

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Salient material properties and haptic volume perception: The influences of surface texture, thermal conductivity, and compliance

Tiest

Kahrimanovic

Niemantsverdriet

et al. 2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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We investigated the influences of surface texture, thermal conductivity, and compliance on the haptic perception of the volume of small cubes. It was hypothesized that an object containing highly salient material properties would be perceived as larger in volume than the same object without these properties. Blindfolded subjects were asked to explore pairs of cubes differing in their material properties and to select the one with the larger volume. The results showed that, counterintuitively, a smooth cube was perceived as being significantly larger than a rough cube of the same physical volume, with average biases of about 19 %. Furthermore, cubes with a higher thermal conductivity were perceived as significantly larger than cubes with a lower thermal conductivity (average bias of about 7 %). In addition, the magnitude of the bias in this condition was not changed by increasing or decreasing the temperature of the test objects, suggesting that the effect of thermal conductivity could not be attributed directly to the heat flow. Finally, a hard cube was perceived as significantly larger than a soft cube of equal physical volume, with an average bias of about 25 %. These results reveal that the studied material properties have significant and consistent influences on the haptic perception of volume. The observed biases provide an indication of the levels at which the processing of haptic information on volume and material properties occurs.Keywords Haptics . Roughness . Coldness . HardnessObjects that we encounter in our environment can differ along a number of dimensions, like shape, size, and material. Each dimension contributes in its own way to the percept of the object, and the perception of one particular dimension may be influenced by the presence of other physical object properties. The present study focuses on the influence of salient material properties on haptic perception of the volumes of objects. Previous studies have shown that volume perception is not veridical. We have shown that small threedimensional objects with the same physical size (i.e., volume) but differing in shape are perceived as being different in size (Kahrimanovic, Bergmann Tiest, & Kappers, 2010). In that study, blindfolded subjects had to explore tetrahedrons, cubes, and spheres by touch. On each trial, they were asked to compare two differently shaped objects and to indicate the one that they perceived as being larger in volume. The largest effect of shape on volume perception was found for the comparison of tetrahedrons and spheres. A tetrahedron was perceived as being equal in volume to a sphere that was on average about 48 % larger in volume than the tetrahedron. Similarly, tetrahedrons were perceived as being larger than cubes of the same physical volume, and cubes were perceived as being larger in volume than spheres. Additional analyses of these results showed that the occurrence of these volume biases could be explained by the subjects' tendency to base their volume judgment on the surface areas of the objects. H...

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“…I was surprised that neither Frayman and Dawson (1981) or their reviewers seemed to be aware of the relevance of Piaget's work (e.g., Inhelder & Piaget, 1958;Piaget, 1928Piaget, , 1952Piaget & Inhelder, 1974) to their studies. Frayman and Dawson required 20 introductory psychology students to estimate the volume of a range of either solid shapes of known volumes or pictorial representations of the solids.…”

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Psychophysics discovers Piaget: Comments on Frayman and Dawson (1981)

O’Shea

1981

Perception & Psychophysics

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The effect of object shape and mode of presentation on judgments of apparent volume

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Haptic perception of volume and surface area of 3-D objects

Haptic perception of volume and surface area of 3-D objects

Salient material properties and haptic volume perception: The influences of surface texture, thermal conductivity, and compliance

Psychophysics discovers Piaget: Comments on Frayman and Dawson (1981)

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