Abstract:Natural fibers offer good prospective as reinforcements in polymer composites due to their superior properties, they are preferred over synthetic fibers in various applications such as construction, automotive and aerospace. This experimental study emphasizes the effect of nonwoven structure on the mechanical, thermal and biodegradability properties of feathers nonwoven reinforced polyester composite. Vacuum molding method was adopted for manufacturing of the biocomposites with two contents of polyester resin … Show more
“…65 Despite this, the thermal conductivity values of composites reinforced with a nonwoven structure are significantly lower than those of composites reinforced with fibers (see Table 5), indicating that the produced composites are excellent thermal insulators for automotive and construction applications. 66,67 Figure 14.Thermal conductivity of developed materials.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…65 Despite this, the thermal conductivity values of composites reinforced with a nonwoven structure are significantly lower than those of composites reinforced with fibers (see Table 5), indicating that the produced composites are excellent thermal insulators for automotive and construction applications. 66,67 The use of untreated and sol-gel treated nonwovens into a polymer matrix may cause some impacts on the thermal properties of the resulting composites that are important parameters in processing and application of materials. The thermal stability of neat polyester and its composites were evaluated by TGA and shown in Figure 15.…”
Section: Thermal Characteristics Of Composite Materialsmentioning
This work aims to investigate the potential of nonwovens made from untreated (U) and alkaline/bleaching treated (T) palm, wool, and polyester fibers as reinforcing materials in polyester matrix for automotive interior applications. Four needle-punched nonwovens were developed and used with and without chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTS) treatment as polyester matrix fillers. Eight composite panels were made using the resin transfer molding machine process and compared to the matrix panel in terms of physical, mechanical, thermal, and climate resistance. The produced composite materials have smooth surfaces and provide consumers with four different aesthetically pleasing finishes. The physical results reveal that the UPalm/Wool and UPalm/Polyester nonwovens lower matrix density from 1223.3 Kg/m3 to 1022.3 and 1040.7 Kg/m3, respectively. The SEM images show that palm fibers are more adherent to the matrix after being treated with an alkaline/bleaching solution. This adhesion is also improved after nonwovens are treated with the CPTS precursor. The composite reinforced with CPTS-treated TPalm/Polyester nonwoven has the highest tensile strength and modulus (72.1 MPa and 3.76 GPa), which are 127% and 36% greater than those of the polyester matrix, respectively. The matrix’s flexural strength and modulus are also enhanced by 148% and 59%, respectively, after reinforcing with CPTS-treated TPalm/Polyester nonwoven. The use of TPalm/Wool and TPalm/Polyester nonwovens as polyester matrix fillers reduces their thermal conductivity from 0.125 W/(m.K) to 0.081 and 0.095 W/(m.K), respectively. Moreover, the climate aging results indicate that composites reinforced with CPTS-treated nonwovens are more stable to climate, implying their applicability and durability in automotive interior applications.
“…65 Despite this, the thermal conductivity values of composites reinforced with a nonwoven structure are significantly lower than those of composites reinforced with fibers (see Table 5), indicating that the produced composites are excellent thermal insulators for automotive and construction applications. 66,67 Figure 14.Thermal conductivity of developed materials.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…65 Despite this, the thermal conductivity values of composites reinforced with a nonwoven structure are significantly lower than those of composites reinforced with fibers (see Table 5), indicating that the produced composites are excellent thermal insulators for automotive and construction applications. 66,67 The use of untreated and sol-gel treated nonwovens into a polymer matrix may cause some impacts on the thermal properties of the resulting composites that are important parameters in processing and application of materials. The thermal stability of neat polyester and its composites were evaluated by TGA and shown in Figure 15.…”
Section: Thermal Characteristics Of Composite Materialsmentioning
This work aims to investigate the potential of nonwovens made from untreated (U) and alkaline/bleaching treated (T) palm, wool, and polyester fibers as reinforcing materials in polyester matrix for automotive interior applications. Four needle-punched nonwovens were developed and used with and without chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTS) treatment as polyester matrix fillers. Eight composite panels were made using the resin transfer molding machine process and compared to the matrix panel in terms of physical, mechanical, thermal, and climate resistance. The produced composite materials have smooth surfaces and provide consumers with four different aesthetically pleasing finishes. The physical results reveal that the UPalm/Wool and UPalm/Polyester nonwovens lower matrix density from 1223.3 Kg/m3 to 1022.3 and 1040.7 Kg/m3, respectively. The SEM images show that palm fibers are more adherent to the matrix after being treated with an alkaline/bleaching solution. This adhesion is also improved after nonwovens are treated with the CPTS precursor. The composite reinforced with CPTS-treated TPalm/Polyester nonwoven has the highest tensile strength and modulus (72.1 MPa and 3.76 GPa), which are 127% and 36% greater than those of the polyester matrix, respectively. The matrix’s flexural strength and modulus are also enhanced by 148% and 59%, respectively, after reinforcing with CPTS-treated TPalm/Polyester nonwoven. The use of TPalm/Wool and TPalm/Polyester nonwovens as polyester matrix fillers reduces their thermal conductivity from 0.125 W/(m.K) to 0.081 and 0.095 W/(m.K), respectively. Moreover, the climate aging results indicate that composites reinforced with CPTS-treated nonwovens are more stable to climate, implying their applicability and durability in automotive interior applications.
“…There is little evidence in the literature regarding the biodegradability of nonwovens with the addition of feather waste. Mrajji et al [41] investigated the effects of nonwoven structures on the mechanical, thermal and biodegradability properties of feather-based nonwoven materials that were reinforced by polyester composites. The obtained results showed that the introduction of feather waste into the matrix slightly reduced the degradation process time.…”
Geotextiles are used for separation, drainage, filtration and anti-erosion protection sealing, as well as to improve plant vegetation conditions. The research objective of this study was to verify the influence of the addition of poultry feathers on accelerating the biodegradation of nonwovens in cultivated soil. The tests were carried out in laboratory conditions and were based on the assessment of weight loss. The experiments confirmed the positive effects of the presence of waste that was rich in keratin on the time required for the biodegradation of the tested materials (the period of biodegradation was 8–24 weeks). Additionally, the influence of the biodegradation of the tested materials on the ecotoxicity was investigated and showed no negative effects on the microbiological activity (106 cfu). The research also included the determination of the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the test medium (blank, 12–14:1; with feather addition, 19–20:1). A statistical analysis revealed a correlation between the mechanical properties and the period of biological decomposition. This research was an important step for the management of poultry feather waste in agricultural applications. The tested materials could be seen an alternative that meets all ecological criteria, which seems to be a golden solution that not only allows the delivery of important nutrients to the soil, but also manages waste in an environmentally safe manner.
Environmental concerns and the depletion of petroleum resources have spurred research into natural fibres as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fibres as the reinforcement phase in polymer composites. Given that the local availability of materials is a crucial component in the sustainability framework, there is a need to map out the fibres used to develop natural fibre composites across geographical regions to optimize local resource utilization. Through a systematic review of publications sourced from Scopus and Web of Science databases, this study examines the contributions made by Africa to develop green polymer composites. The bibliometric data from both databases were systematically merged, and bibliometric analysis was carried out to identify trends and relevant relationships and provide a more general insight into Africa's progress in the natural fibre polymer composite field. A meta‐analysis was then conducted to identify the natural fibres exclusively sourced from Africa that have been used to develop polymer composites. The study also discussed natural fibre classifications with respect to fibre type and form. Sisal, palm varieties (particularly date palm), alfa, jute and members of the Musaceae family (i.e., banana, plantain and enset) were found to be the most used African‐sourced fibres. This study is a step to creating a more extensive global natural fibre database that seeks to provide more precise knowledge, enhance research efficiency, and ensure the utilization of local materials in creating more sustainable composites.Highlights
The use of local materials is a key component of sustainable development
A natural fibre database can foster sustainability in the composite industry
Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia are leading Africa's composite research
Research prioritizes composite material science over practical applications
Sisal, date palm, alfa and jute are the most used natural fibres in Africa
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