The Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Photoactivity of TiO<sub>2</sub> Rutile Single Crystals

Diwald, Oliver; Thompson, Tracy; Goralski, Ed. G.; Walck, Scott D.; Yates, John T.

doi:10.1021/jp030529t

Cited by 359 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Up to now, as the visible light activity of N-doped TiO 2 involving only 396 eV N 1s state has not been demonstrated, the contribution of Ti-N bonding to the visible light sensitization of TiO 2 remains in doubt. The results of Diwald et al [30] rather indicate negative contribution of Ti-N bonding to photocatalytic activity. According to the reports [31,32], N 1s state at 400 eV in our doped samples of TiO 2 samples by the solvothermal method is in an oxidized state similar to -(NO) and interstitially dopant -(NH) from HMT, which can be attributed to the doping status of N 1s(II) at 398.8-401.2 eV classified by Chen et al [33].…”

Section: Effect Of N-dopingmentioning

confidence: 90%

Solvothermal-induced phase transition and visible photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania

Liu

Qin

Zuo

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Effect Of N-dopingmentioning

confidence: 90%

Solvothermal-induced phase transition and visible photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania

Liu

Qin

Zuo

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Many studies have been devoted to the development of TiO 2 that is responsive to visible light by doping it with various anions [97][98][99][100][101][102][103] as a substitute for oxygen in the TiO 2 lattice. For these anion-doped TiO 2 photocatalysts, the mixing of the p states of the doped anion (N, S or C) with the O 2p states shifts the valence band edge upwards, narrowing the band gap energy of TiO 2 .…”

Section: Doping With Anionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, molecular dopants like NO and N 2 gave rise to bonding states below the O 2p valence band and antibonding states deep in the band gap (N i and N i+s ) that were well screened and hardly interacted with the band states of TiO 2 . Diwald et al [98] incorporated nitrogen monoanions into single crystals of TiO 2 by sputtering with N 2 + /Ar + mixtures and subsequent annealing to 627°C under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. This modified catalyst exhibited an unexpected blue shift in the O 2 photodesorption compared with that of undoped crystals of TiO 2 .…”

Section: Doping With Anionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of TiO2 nanoparticles

2011

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Climate change and the consumption of non-renewable resources are considered as the greatest problems facing humankind. Because of this, photocatalysis research has been rapidly expanding. TiO 2 nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for photocatalytic applications including the decomposition of organic compounds and production of H 2 as a fuel using solar energy. This article reviews the structure and electronic properties of TiO 2 , compares TiO 2 with other common semiconductors used for photocatalytic applications and clarifies the advantages of using TiO 2 nanoparticles. TiO 2 is considered close to an ideal semiconductor for photocatalysis but possesses certain limitations such as poor absorption of visible radiation and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs. In this review article, various methods used to enhance the photocatalytic characteristics of TiO 2 including dye sensitization, doping, coupling and capping are discussed. Environmental and energy applications of TiO 2 , including photocatalytic treatment of wastewater, pesticide degradation and water splitting to produce hydrogen have been summarized. Historical backgroundThe growth of industry worldwide has tremendously increased the generation and accumulation of waste byproducts. In general, the production of useful products has been focused on and the generation of waste byproducts has been largely ignored. This has caused severe environmental problems that have become a major concern. Researchers all over the world have been working on various approaches to address this issue. Photoinduced processes have been studied and various applications have been developed. One important technique for removing industrial waste is the use of light energy (electromagnetic radiation) and particles sensitive to this energy to mineralize waste which aids in its removal from solution. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is considered very close to an ideal semiconductor for photocatalysis because of its high stability, low cost and safety toward both humans and the environment.*Corresponding author (email: shipra.mital@gmail.com)In 1964, Kato et al.[1] published their work on the photocatalytic oxidation of tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) by a TiO 2 suspension, which was followed by McLintock et al. [2] investigating the photocatalytic oxidation of ethylene and propylene in the presence of oxygen adsorbed on TiO 2 . However, the most important discovery that extensively promoted the field of photocatalysis was the "Honda-Fujishima Effect" first described by Fujishima and Honda in 1972 [3]. This well-known chemical phenomenon involves electrolysis of water, which is related to photocatalysis. Photoirradiation of a TiO 2 (rutile) single crystal electrode immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution induced the evolution of oxygen from the TiO 2 electrode and the evolution of hydrogen from a platinum counterelectrode when an anodic bias was applied to the TiO 2 working electrode. In 1977, Frank and Bard [4] examined the reduction of ...

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“…Ceria and titania are among the most widely used oxides in catalysis (1,(4)(5)(6)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). These oxides are important components in catalysts used for the production of clean hydrogen through the water-gas shift reaction (H 2 O ϩ CO 3 H 2 ϩ CO 2 ) and for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (2CO ϩ O 2 3 2CO 2 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High catalytic activity of Au/CeO _x /TiO ₂ (110) controlled by the nature of the mixed-metal oxide at the nanometer level

Park

Graciani

Evans

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

260

447

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Mixed-metal oxides play a very important role in many areas of chemistry, physics, materials science, and geochemistry. Recently, there has been a strong interest in understanding phenomena associated with the deposition of oxide nanoparticles on the surface of a second (host) oxide. Here, scanning tunneling microscopy, photoemission, and density-functional calculations are used to study the behavior of ceria nanoparticles deposited on a TiO2(110) surface. The titania substrate imposes nontypical coordination modes on the ceria nanoparticles. In the CeOx/TiO2(110) systems, the Ce cations adopt an structural geometry and an oxidation state (؉3) that are quite different from those seen in bulk ceria or for ceria nanoparticles deposited on metal substrates. The increase in the stability of the Ce 3؉ oxidation state leads to an enhancement in the chemical and catalytic activity of the ceria nanoparticles. The codeposition of ceria and gold nanoparticles on a TiO2(110) substrate generates catalysts with an extremely high activity for the production of hydrogen through the water-gas shift reaction (H2O ؉ CO 3 H2 ؉ CO2) or for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (2CO ؉ O2 3 2CO2). The enhanced stability of the Ce 3؉ state is an example of structural promotion in catalysis described here on the atomic level. The exploration of mixed-metal oxides at the nanometer level may open avenues for optimizing catalysts through stabilization of unconventional surface structures with special chemical activity.heterogeneous catalysis ͉ imaging ͉ structural properties ͉ surface reactivity M ixed-metal oxides play a very important role in many areas of chemistry, physics, materials science, and geochemistry (1-6). In technological applications, they are used in the fabrication of microelectronic circuits, piezoelectric devices, and sensors and as catalysts. Over the years, there has been a strong interest in understanding the behavior of mixed-metal oxides at a fundamental level (1-3). What happens when nanoparticles (NPs) of a given metal oxide are deposited on the surface of a second (host) oxide (3, 7)? In principle, the combination of 2 metals in an oxide matrix can produce materials with novel structural and/or electronic properties. At a structural level, a dopant can introduce stress into the lattice of an oxide host, inducing in this way the formation of defects. On the other hand, the lattice of the oxide host can impose on the dopant element nontypical coordination modes. Finally, metal 7 metal or metal 7 oxygen 7 metal interactions in mixed-metal oxides can give electronic states not seen in single-metal oxides.In this article, we use photoemission, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT) to study the behavior of ceria NPs in contact with TiO 2 (110). Ceria and titania are among the most widely used oxides in catalysis (1,(4)(5)(6)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). These oxides are important components in catalysts used for the production of clean hydrogen through the water-gas shift rea...

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The Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Photoactivity of TiO₂ Rutile Single Crystals

Cited by 359 publications

References 29 publications

Solvothermal-induced phase transition and visible photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania

Solvothermal-induced phase transition and visible photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania

A review of TiO2 nanoparticles

High catalytic activity of Au/CeO _x /TiO ₂ (110) controlled by the nature of the mixed-metal oxide at the nanometer level

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The Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Photoactivity of TiO2 Rutile Single Crystals

Cited by 359 publications

References 29 publications

Solvothermal-induced phase transition and visible photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania

Solvothermal-induced phase transition and visible photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania

A review of TiO2 nanoparticles

High catalytic activity of Au/CeO x /TiO 2 (110) controlled by the nature of the mixed-metal oxide at the nanometer level

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Photoactivity of TiO₂ Rutile Single Crystals

High catalytic activity of Au/CeO _x /TiO ₂ (110) controlled by the nature of the mixed-metal oxide at the nanometer level