The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Emergence Cohorts on the Survival, Growth and Reproduction of Fimbristylis miliacea L. Vahl

Begum, Mahfuza; Juraimi, Abdul Shukor; Rastan, Syed Omar Syed; Amarthalingam, Rajan; Man, Azmi

doi:10.3923/ijar.2008.423.432

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, different lengths of weed‐free periods are recommended for each crop (Green‐Tracewicz et al ., ; Gantoli et al ., ). Despite the competitive edge of rice over F. miliacea , the weed still reduces rice yield in the field (Begum et al ., ), due to high infestation levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competitive ability of ALS‐inhibitor herbicide‐resistant Fimbristylis miliacea

et al. 2015

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Fimbristylis miliacea, a weed in rice, has evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. This study aimed to investigate the competitive abilities of ALS-resistant (R) and ALS-susceptible (S) F. miliacea with rice. A replacement series experiment was conducted in the glasshouse at the Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil. The proportions of rice to F. miliacea were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, with 1060 plants m À2 . The experimental units were arranged in a completely randomised design with four replications. A follow-up study was conducted at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA, in a split-plot design with four replications. The main plot was species mixture (rice 9 R, rice 9 S, R 9 S). The subplot was competition partitioning (below-and above-ground, below-ground only, above-ground only and no interspecific competition). Leaf area, plant height and shoot dry mass were recorded. Rice was more competitive than the R or S F. miliacea. In equal proportions of rice and F. miliacea, regardless of ecotype, the relative leaf area, height and dry mass of rice were greater than that of F. miliacea. The ALS-resistant ecotype was less competitive with rice than the S ecotype. Intraspecific competition among rice plants was stronger than rice competition with F. miliacea. Competition for below-ground resources was the most critical aspect of interference among rice and F. miliacea. In production fields, high infestation levels of F. miliacea results in significant yield losses; thus, resistance to ALS inhibitors needs to be curtailed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can germinate continuously throughout the rice growing season (Watanabe et al ., ), causing continuous competition if not controlled. Competition with F. miliacea could cause about 10% yield loss (Begum et al ., ). In Brazil, this equates to a loss of $190 ha −1 for the grower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Competitive ability of ALS‐inhibitor herbicide‐resistant Fimbristylis miliacea

et al. 2015

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Rice By-Products Reduce Seed and Seedlings Survival of Echinochloa crus-galli, Leptochloa chinensis and Fymbristylis miliacea

Nguyen

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Extracting allelochemicals from rice (Oryza sativa) straw and use for weed management is more sustainable than burning and reduces herbicide dependence. Water soluble compounds were extracted from shoots and roots of OM 5930, generating both a crystallized by-product and liquid extract. Crystallized product was applied to soil with pre-germinated barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv), red sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis L. Nees), and grass-like fimbry (Fimbristylis miliacea L. Vahl) seeds. As little as 9.4 g per pot (1 ton ha−1 biomass) reduced survival of all species, with the order of sensitivity barnyardgrass (BG) < red sprangletop (RS) < grasslike-fimbry (GF). Increased rates or time of exposure (3 to 42 days after treatment; DAT) resulted in a stepwise reduction in seed survival. Using liquid extract, 5.33 g pot−1 (3 tons ha−1 biomass) reduced BG survival by 49.8%, while 2.67 g pot−1 reduced survival of RS and GF by 49.7 and 54.3%, respectively at 42 DAT. A rate of 8 g pot−1 reduced survival of BG seedlings by 78.3% but was lethal to RS and GF seedlings. The most abundant allelochemicals present were ergosterol peroxide, p-coumaric acid, and salicylic acid. OM 5930 rice is a promising variety for extraction of allelopathic compounds and application for extended herbicidal activity.

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The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Emergence Cohorts on the Survival, Growth and Reproduction of Fimbristylis miliacea L. Vahl

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Competitive ability of ALS‐inhibitor herbicide‐resistant Fimbristylis miliacea

Competitive ability of ALS‐inhibitor herbicide‐resistant Fimbristylis miliacea

Rice By-Products Reduce Seed and Seedlings Survival of Echinochloa crus-galli, Leptochloa chinensis and Fymbristylis miliacea

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