The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the COS and CS2 emissions from temperature forest soils

Melillo, Jerry M.; Steudler, Paul A.

doi:10.1007/bf00114753

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The enhanced OCS uptake rates by soils in the NITREX catchment may have been due to increased growth of plants and microorganisms which would be expected as a result of a greater N availability. This is in contrast to the findings of Melillo and Steudler [1989], who reported positive OCS fluxes (emissions) from soils in several forest plots, which increased by a factor of 3 following the addition of N fertilizer. They utilized a dynamic enclosure system with ambient air as the sweep gas.…”

Section: Effects Of Catchment Manipulations On Ocs Consumptioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Consumption of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide by coniferous boreal forest soils

Simmons¹,

Klemedtsson²,

Hultberg³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract.A static enclosure method was used to determine the role of saturated and unsaturated soils and soil-plant systems in carbonyl sulfide exchange with the atmosphere. The influence of several environmental factors on these exchange processes was also investigated by measuring fluxes in catchments that were experimentally manipulated. Results indicated that both vegetated and nonvegetated soil surfaces were active sinks for OCS, with rates of consumption ranging between 3.6 and 77.7 nmol m -2 h-1. Both vegetation and microorganisms appeared to be involved in OCS uptake. Robust multiple regression analyses indicated that catchments receiving treatments of either nitrogen or lime consumed OCS 30% more rapidly than the control. Uptake of OCS in a recently clear-cut site was 3.5 times greater than the control. Vegetated and water-samrated soil surfaces consumed OCS 43 % and 84% more rapidly than nonvegetated and unsaturated soils, respectively.

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Section: Effects Of Catchment Manipulations On Ocs Consumptioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Consumption of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide by coniferous boreal forest soils

Simmons¹,

Klemedtsson²,

Hultberg³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…2a, 3 and 4) over a range of soil N concentrations between 0.38 and 10.2 g kg -1 (Table S1). Although this is the first study to demonstrate a significant relationship between soil N concentration and gross COS 5 production rates, previous studies have observed shifts in the magnitude of net COS and CS2 fluxes upon fertilisation with nitrate in both deciduous and evergreen coniferous forests (Melillo & Steudler, 1989). In addition a number of studies on agricultural soils in the US and China have observed large temperature-sensitive emissions of COS Liu et al, 2010;Maseyk et al, 2014;Whelan & Rhew, 2015).…”

Section: Drivers and Mechanisms Of Cos Production Across European Soimentioning

confidence: 64%

Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulphide (COS) production and consumption and their dependency with soil properties across biomes and land use types

Kaisermann¹,

Ogée²,

Sauze³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Soils both emit and consume the trace gas carbonyl sulphide (COS) leading to a soil-air COS exchange rate that is the net result of two opposing fluxes. Partitioning these two gross fluxes and understanding their drivers are necessary to 10 estimate the contribution of soils to the current and future atmospheric budget of COS.Previous efforts to disentangle the gross COS fluxes from soils have used flux measurements on air-dried soils as a proxy for the COS emission rates of moist soils. However, this method implicitly assumes that COS uptake becomes negligible and COS emission remains steady while soils are drying. We tested this assumption by estimating simultaneously the soil COS sources and sinks and their temperature sensitivity (Q10) from soil-air COS flux measurements on fresh soils at different COS 15 concentrations and two soil temperatures. Measurements were performed on 27 European soils from different biomes and land use types in order to obtain a large range of physical-chemical properties and identify the drivers of COS consumption and production rates.We found that COS production rates from moist and air-dried soils were not significantly different for a given soil and that the COS production rates had Q10 values (3.96 ± 3.94) that were larger and more variable than the Q10 for COS consumption 20(1.17 ± 0.27). COS production generally contributed less to the net flux that was dominated by gross COS consumption but this contribution of COS production increased rapidly at higher temperature, lower soil moisture and lower COS concentrations. Consequently, measurements at higher COS concentrations (viz. 1000 ppt) always increased the robustness of COS consumption estimates. Across the range of biomes and land use types, COS production rates co-varied with total soil nitrogen (r = 0.68, P < 0.05) and the first-order COS uptake rate co-varied most with microbial N content (r = 0.64, P < 0.05) 25providing new insights on how to upscale the contribution of soils to the global COS atmospheric budget.Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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“…Fertilizer increases the production of S-containing AAs in wheat (43), and the metabolism or decomposition of these AAs may underlie increased COS emissions from fertilized soils (28,35,36,46). The SGP site was fertilized during the season as part of typical agricultural practice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil COS emissions have also been observed and are usually associated with anoxic wetland soils (26,27), but production from forest soils (28) and from wheat, forest, and paddy soils at higher temperature (29) has been reported. Nonwetland soil emissions suggest either a COS-producing process operating under aerobic conditions or production from anoxic microsites distributed in the soil profile (30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide in an agricultural field in the Southern Great Plains

Maseyk¹,

Berry

Billesbach

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

198

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Net photosynthesis is the largest single flux in the global carbon cycle, but controls over its variability are poorly understood because there is no direct way of measuring it at the ecosystem scale. We report observations of ecosystem carbonyl sulfide (COS) and CO 2 fluxes that resolve key gaps in an emerging framework for using concurrent COS and CO 2 measurements to quantify terrestrial gross primary productivity. At a wheat field in Oklahoma we found that in the peak growing season the flux-weighted leaf relative uptake of COS and CO 2 during photosynthesis was 1.3, at the lower end of values from laboratory studies, and varied systematically with light. Due to nocturnal stomatal conductance, COS uptake by vegetation continued at night, contributing a large fraction (29%) of daily net ecosystem COS fluxes. In comparison, the contribution of soil fluxes was small (1-6%) during the peak growing season. Upland soils are usually considered sinks of COS. In contrast, the well-aerated soil at the site switched from COS uptake to emissions at a soil temperature of around 15°C. We observed COS production from the roots of wheat and other species and COS uptake by root-free soil up to a soil temperature of around 25°C. Our dataset demonstrates that vegetation uptake is the dominant ecosystem COS flux in the peak growing season, providing support of COS as an independent tracer of terrestrial photosynthesis. However, the observation that ecosystems may become a COS source at high temperature needs to be considered in global modeling studies.carbonic anhydrase | LRU | ERU | flux partitioning | soil metabolism C arbonyl sulfide (COS) is an atmospheric trace gas that holds great promise for studies of carbon cycle processes at regional to continental scales (1, 2). The drawdown of atmospheric CO 2 over the continents reflects the difference between terrestrial photosynthesis and respiration fluxes that are both substantially larger than the net CO 2 fluxes. This limits our ability to obtain information on gross fluxes from measurements of atmospheric CO 2 alone. On the other hand, the drawdown of atmospheric COS over the continents is thought to largely reflect photosynthetic fluxes (1,(3)(4)(5)(6). At the global scale, the largest source of COS is the ocean, and uptake by leaves and soil are its largest sinks at 62% and 30% of the total sink, respectively (1).The uptake of COS in leaves is due to hydrolysis catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), resulting in production of H 2 S and CO 2 (7). During leaf uptake, COS and CO 2 share the same diffusional pathway. The resulting close coupling of vegetation COS and CO 2 fluxes during photosynthesis (8-10) makes COS a promising tracer for gross carbon uptake where concurrent respiration precludes direct measurements of photosynthesis. For example, eddy covariance (EC) measurements of COS and CO 2 can be used to obtain independent estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP) at the ecosystem scale.COS-based estimates of GPP are derived from ecosystem COS fluxes and ...

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The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the COS and CS2 emissions from temperature forest soils

Cited by 48 publications

References 32 publications

Consumption of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide by coniferous boreal forest soils

Consumption of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide by coniferous boreal forest soils

Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulphide (COS) production and consumption and their dependency with soil properties across biomes and land use types

Sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide in an agricultural field in the Southern Great Plains

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