The Effect of Neutron Dose Rate on Jejunal Crypt Survival

Griffin, Carol S.; Hornsey, Shirley

doi:10.1080/09553008514552831

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The literature on pathophysiological studies including signal transduction pathways after high LET irradiation is very limited as well. Moreover, effects of the high LET irradiation at various radiation dose rates may need to be investigated, even though it is likely that there may be no dose-rate effect unless at very high dose rates [45]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E₂after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

Kiang

Ledney

2013

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Skin injuries such as wounds or burns following whole-body γ-irradiation (radiation combined injury (RCI)) increase mortality more than whole-body γ-irradiation alone. Wound-induced decreases in survival after irradiation are triggered by sustained activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase pathways, persistent alteration of cytokine homeostasis, and increased susceptibility to systemic bacterial infection. Among these factors, radiation-induced increases in interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations in serum were amplified by skin wound trauma. Herein, the IL-6-induced stress proteins including C-reactive protein (CRP), complement 3 (C3), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were evaluated after skin injuries given following a mixed radiation environment that might be found after a nuclear incident. In this report, mice received 3 Gy of reactor-produced mixed field (n + γ-photons) radiations at 0.38 Gy/min followed by nonlethal skin wounding or burning. Both wounds and burns reduced survival and increased CRP, C3, and PGE2 in serum after radiation. Decreased IgM production along with an early rise in corticosterone followed by a subsequent decrease was noted for each RCI situation. These results suggest that RCI-induced alterations of corticosterone, CRP, C3, IgM, and PGE2 cause homeostatic imbalance and may contribute to reduced survival. Agents inhibiting these responses may prove to be therapeutic for RCI and improve related survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E₂after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

Kiang

Ledney

2013

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…1). Tikvah Alper cooperated with Shirley Hornsey who was a very productive scientist working on radiation injury in mouse lung, 10 spinal cord, 11 jejunum, 12 RBE of fast neutrons, 13 and hypoxia. Her most remarkable achievement was obtained in cooperation with Hal Gray.…”

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confidence: 99%

The contribution of women to radiobiology: Marie Curie and beyond

Gasińska

2016

Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy

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Radiobiology Ionizing radiationTumor radiobiology a b s t r a c t Marie Sklodowska-Curie, an extraordinary woman, a Polish scientist who lived and worked in France, led to the development of nuclear energy and the treatment of cancer. She was the laureate of two Nobel Prizes, the first woman in Europe who obtained the degree of Doctor of Science and opened the way for women to enter fields which had been previously reserved for men only. As a result of her determination and her love of freedom, she has become an icon for many female scientists active in radiation sciences. In 1911, Marie Sklodowska-Curie was awarded her second Nobel Prize for the discovery of radium. Her pioneering work demonstrated that radiation is a powerful tool with a wide range of potential applications, which include a range of diagnostic and therapeutic medical procedures. Marie Curie has left a great deal to the world. Her work led to the development http://dx

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Tissue responses to low protracted doses of high LET radiations or photons: Early and late damage relevant to radio-protective countermeasures

Ainsworth

Afzal

Crouse

et al. 1989

Advances in Space Research

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Early and late murine tissue responses to single or fractionated low doses of heavy charged particles, fission-spectrum neutrons or gamma rays are considered. Damage to the hematopoietic system is emphasized, but results on acute lethality, host response to challenge with transplanted leukemia cells and life-shortening are presented. Low dose rates per fraction were used in some neutron experiments. Split-dose lethality studies (LD 50/30) with fission neutrons indicated greater accumulation of injury during a 9 fraction course (over 17 days) than was the case for gamma-radiation. When total doses of 96 or 247 cGy of neutrons or gamma rays were given as a single dose or in 9 fractions, a significant sparing effect on femur CFU-S depression was observed for both radiation qualities during the first 11 days, but there was not an earlier return to normal with dose fractionation. During the 9 fraction sequence, a significant sparing effect of low dose rate on CFU-S depression was observed in both neutron and gamma-irradiated mice. CFU-S content at the end of the fractionation sequence did not correlate with measured LD 50/30. Sustained depression of femur and spleen CFU-S and a significant thrombocytopenia were observed when a total neutron dose of 240 cGy was given in 72 fractions over 24 weeks at low dose rates. The temporal aspects of CFU-S repopulation were different after a single versus fractionated neutron doses. The sustained reduction in the size of the CFU-S population was accompanied by an increase in the fraction in DNA synthesis. The proliferation characteristics and effects of age were different for radial CFU-S population closely associated with bone, compared with the axial population that can be readily aspirated from the femur. In aged irradiated animals, the CFU-S proliferation/redistribution response to typhoid vaccine showed both an age and radiation effect. After high single doses of neutrons or gamma rays, a significant age- and radiation-related deficiency in host defense mechanisms was detected by a shorter mean survival time following challenge with transplantable leukemia cells. Comparison of dose-response curves for life shortening after irradiation with fission-spectrum neutrons or high energy silicon particles indicated high initial slopes for both radiation qualities at low doses, but for higher doses of silicon, the effect per Gy decreased to a value similar to that for gamma rays. The two component life-shortening curve for silicon particles has implications for the potential efficacy of radioprotectants. Recent studies on protection against early and late effects by aminothiols, prostaglandins, and other compounds are discussed.

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The Effect of Neutron Dose Rate on Jejunal Crypt Survival

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E₂after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E₂after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

The contribution of women to radiobiology: Marie Curie and beyond

Tissue responses to low protracted doses of high LET radiations or photons: Early and late damage relevant to radio-protective countermeasures

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The Effect of Neutron Dose Rate on Jejunal Crypt Survival

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E2after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E2after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

The contribution of women to radiobiology: Marie Curie and beyond

Tissue responses to low protracted doses of high LET radiations or photons: Early and late damage relevant to radio-protective countermeasures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E₂after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation

Skin Inqjuries Reduce Survival and Modulate Corticosterone, C-Reactive Protein, Complement Component 3, IgM, and Prostaglandin E₂after Whole-Body Reactor-Produced Mixed Field (n +γ-Photons) Irradiation