The Effect of Nb, Ta, and Ti on the Oxidation of a New Polycrystalline Ni-Based Superalloy

Abstract

The effect of variations in Nb, Ta, and Ti concentrations in exchange for Al on the oxidation resistance of a new polycrystalline Ni-based superalloy (C19) was studied in air at 800 °C for up to 1000 h. An external scale of Ti-doped Cr2O3 and a sub-scale of discontinuous Al2O3 intrusions formed on the surface of all the studied alloys. Contrary to other reports, increasing the Nb concentration improved the oxidation performance and may have promoted the formation of a CrTaO4 layer, thereby reducing oxygen ingress. The addition of Ta also significantly improved oxidation resistance and reduced the depth of the Al2O3 intrusions. Increasing the Ti concentration did not significantly affect the oxidation performance, potentially due to the relatively low Ti concentrations investigated. Several of the studied alloys with modified Ta and Ti concentrations showed regions of continuous Al2O3 scale formation, suggesting that the compositions are in a transition regime between Cr2O3-forming and Al2O3-forming behaviour. The findings suggested that part of the Ti content in C19 could potentially be replaced with Nb, Ta and/or other elements to further enhance oxidation resistance and other desirable properties. Overall, the insights gained could serve as a guide to optimise the composition of C19 and similar alloys for enhanced oxidation resistance.