The Effect of Molecular Weight and Gel Preparation on Humoral Adjuvancy of Silicone Oils and Silicone Gels

Jo, Naim; Cj, Van Oss

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1891-4_2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In a variety of in vivo and in vitro immunotoxicological studies, D4 was not found to significantly affect systemic immune responses. D4 was not immunotoxic in an inhalation and oral gavage study with F344 rats; however, thymus weight decreased in relation to D4 dosing (Klykken et al, 1999;Naim et al, 1995a;Nicholson et al, 1996b). D4 mixed with bovine serum albumin in an intramuscular study with dark Agouti rats (Nicholson et al, 1996a) and subcutaneous study with A/J mice resulted in a moderate humoral adjuvant effect with intense inflammation evident at the site of injection (DCC, 2001b;Naim et al, 1995b).…”

Section: Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4)

2016

Toxicol Ind Health

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Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4; CAS No. 556-67-2) is used as a monomer in the manufacture of polymeric materials, which are widely used in various industrial and/or medical applications, such as breast implants. D4 has a relatively low order of toxicity following acute administration via the oral, dermal, and inhalation routes of exposure and is not considered to be a dermal or eye irritant or to be a dermal sensitizer. There is no appreciable dermal absorption of D4 based on results from in vivo and in vitro studies. D4 has not been shown to be genotoxic/mutagenic when tested in a number of short-term in vitro and in vivo assays. Overall, studies have demonstrated adverse effects on specific female reproductive endpoints at higher exposure concentrations; however, no D4 exposure-specific effects were noted with respect to developmental endpoints. Inhalation exposure of rats to 700 ppm D4 for up to 24 months produced effects in the liver, kidney, and uterus (weight changes, hepatocellular hypertrophy, endometrial hyperplasia, and nephropathy). Changes in the nasal epithelium (eosinophilic globules) were also noted at 150 and 700 ppm. Despite 24 months of exposure, only mild to minimal inflammatory responses were found at 150 ppm, and overall, the basic integrity of the respiratory tract was unchanged at this dose. At 700 ppm, there was an increased incidence of endometrial adenomas in female rats. Based on the adverse changes in the respiratory tract, kidney, and female reproductive tract in the chronic inhalation study, 150 ppm was determined to be the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) and was selected as the point of departure for the derivation of the workplace environmental exposure level (WEEL ® ) value. The inhalation NOAEL was adjusted to account for interindividual variability and residual uncertainty regarding upper respiratory tract changes still occurring at 150 ppm. An 8-h time-weighted average WEEL value of 10 ppm is expected to provide a significant margin of safety against any potential adverse health effects in workers exposed to airborne D4.

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Section: Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4)

2016

Toxicol Ind Health

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“…4,5 According to theories of the second category, physical properties of bulk-phase PDMS-properties not necessarily unique to the polymer-are responsible for the inflammatory and immunologic reactions elicited by an implant. 6,7 Theories of the latter sort are supported by abundant evidence that hydrophobic liquids physicochemically similar to, but chemically dissimilar to, PDMS and to each other potentiate inflammatory and immune responses. [8][9][10] In this regard, the physical property considered by many to be most relevant is hydrophobicity since in vivo that property drives the adsorption of proteins to the surface of bulk-phase PDMS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrinogen adsorbs from aqueous media to microscopic droplets of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and remains coagulable

Whitlock¹,

Clarson²,

Retzinger³

1999

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Fibrinogen binds from aqueous media containing it to droplets of linear trimethylsilyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) dispersed in those same media. Once bound, fibrinogen elutes from emulsified droplets of PDMS only very slowly, even when incubated in buffer that contains a physiologic concentration of the protein. The bound fibrinogen is coagulable, as indicated by the thrombin-dependent agglutination of droplets. Thus fibrinogen bound to droplets of PDMS renders an adhesive potential to the surface of the droplets, a potential that may have relevance to the biologic processing of the polymer in vivo.

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Curriculum Vttae

Oss¹

1998

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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The Effect of Molecular Weight and Gel Preparation on Humoral Adjuvancy of Silicone Oils and Silicone Gels

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4)

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4)

Fibrinogen adsorbs from aqueous media to microscopic droplets of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and remains coagulable

Curriculum Vttae

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