“…The phasic modulation of cutaneous reflexes in cats has been attributed to presynaptic mechanisms Rossignol, 1985, 1987;Dubuc et al, 1988;Gossard et al, 1989). In the trigeminal system, primary afferent depolarization has been demonstrated directly (Browne and Goldberg, 1978a;Yu and Avery, 1974) and implicated in the modulation of trigeminal interneurons and reflexes (Browne and Goldberg, 1978b;Goldberg, 1972;Goldberg and Browne, 1974;Nakamura and Wu, 1970). In the jaw-opening reflex, the phasic modulation that occurs during mastication (Kurasawa et al, 1988;Lund etal., 1981Lund etal., , 1983Lund etal., , 1984) may be controlled by presynaptic gating of primary afferent input .…”