The Effect of Microparticles on the Storage Modulus and Durability Behavior of Magnetorheological Elastomer

Abstract

This paper presents the effect of the micro-sized particles on the storage modulus and durability characteristics of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). The initial phase of the investigation is to determine any associations among the microparticles’ weight percent fraction (wt%), structure arrangement, and the storage modulus of MRE samples. In order to carry out this, both isotropic and anisotropic types of MRE samples consisting of the silicone rubber matrix and 50, 60, 70, 75, and 80 wt% microparticles of carbonyl iron fractions are prepared. It is identified from the magneto-rheometer that the increase in storage modulus and decrease in linear viscoelastic region limit are observed in varying consistency depending on wt% and particle arrangement. The consistency of this dependency feature is highlighted by superimposing all of the graphs plotted to create the proposed the samples’ behavior model. In response to increasing magnetic stimulation, a sample of 70 wt% microparticles with an isotropic arrangement is found to be significant and stable. The experimentally defined fraction is then used for the durability test as the second phase of the investigation. During this phase, the durability evaluation is subjected to stress relaxation for an extended period of time. After undergoing durability testing, storage modulus performance is decreased by 0.7–13% at various magnetic stimulation levels. This result directly indicates that the storage modulus characteristics of different forms of MRE are sensitive to the different iron particle fractions’ and microparticles’ alignment. Therefore, important treatments to alter the storage modulus can be undertaken before the practical implementation to accommodate any desired performance of MRE itself and MRE application systems.

Natural Weathering Effects on the Mechanical, Rheological, and Morphological Properties of Magnetorheological Elastomer (MRE) in Tropical Climate

“…Correspondingly, smarter materials are increasingly being used in new engineering applications; however, this encouraging trend necessitates additional research at the very least to catch up with the conventional materials to date [ 1 ]. Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), for example, is gaining popularity due to numerous advantages in elastic polymer and conventional rubber applications, therewithal its intelligent behavior and changing properties in response to magnetic stimulation [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The perspective for MRE to be employed in various service environments necessitates an understanding of MRE for specific limitations, and it must undoubtedly be adaptable and durable to meet these challenges.…”

Oxidative Degradation of Thermosets Based on Thioketal Cleavable Linkages in Aqueous Environment

“…Strikingly, TK-poly­(HEA) treatment with H 2 O 2 experienced a remarkable decrease in the storage modulus ( G ′, by 4 folds). The storage modulus is an indication of the plastic ability to store deformation energy elastically . The 20% cross-linker sample showed the lowest values when compared with the samples with 10 and 5% cross-linkers, which was due to the highest degradation in the incorporated thioketal linkage in the structure, leading to a decreased stiffness and elastic energy (Figure D).…”

“…The storage modulus is an indication of the plastic ability to store deformation energy elastically. 31 The 20% cross-linker sample showed the lowest values when compared with the samples with 10 and 5% cross-linkers, which was due to the highest degradation in the incorporated thioketal linkage in the structure, leading to a decreased stiffness and elastic energy (Figure 2D). We observed that the samples with the 5% crosslinker showed a greater increase in size than those with 10 and 20% cross-linkers during the degradation process under 37 °C in H 2 O 2 (30%).…”

Morphological Effects of Strain Localization in the Elastic Region of Magnetorheological Elastomers

“…Previous researchers have reported on related studies regarding the effect of particle fraction and MRE arrangement [ 3 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. In this study, a sample was fabricated using a similar established method from previous studies [ 4 , 8 , 17 , 28 ], with the help of a requisite cylindrical closed mold. The fabrication process began with the mixing of silicone rubber and particles.…”

“…Several studies [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] have been conducted to investigate the shear band formation in solid amorphous materials similar to MRE. This includes the shear band’s orientation relative to the principal stress axis, which varies significantly depending on the external loading conditions [ 18 ].…”