The effect of microgravity on the development of plant protoplasts flown on Biokosmos 9

Iversen, Tor‐Henning; Rasmussen, O.; Gmünder, Felix K.; Baggerud, C.; Kordyum, Е.L.; Lozovaya, V. V.; Tairbekov, M. G.

doi:10.1016/0273-1177(92)90274-2

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Our results coincide with earlier data on modifications in the distribution and concentration of Ca 2+ ions in different plant cells e.g. unicellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris cells, moss Funaria hydrometrica protonema cells, root cap statocytes of Pisum sativum, Glycine max and Melilotus album, root hairs from Lepidium sativum and Beta vulgaris, and microcallus cells of Daucus carota and Brassica napus in microgravity and under clinorotation (Hilaire et al 1995a, b;Iversen et al 1992;Klymchuk et al 2001;Kordyum and Guikema 1998;Shevchenko and Kordyum 2001). Cytosolic free calcium visualized with specific indicator fluo-3 and confocal microscopy was reported to increase in the cells of horizontally orientated maize coleoptiles during the physiological processes of gravitropic response (Gehring et al 1990b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Distribution of Calcium Ions in Cells of the Root Distal Elongation Zone Under Clinorotation

Sobol

Kordyum

2008

Microgravity Sci. Technol

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Currently, calcium ions are known to play a crucial role in the vital activity of plant cells and in stimulus-response coupling for many environmental signals, altered gravity included. The available data on changes in Ca 2+ distribution and concentration in the cells of different organisms influenced by altered gravity allow to suggest that microgravity affects the calcium messenger system, and provide new insight for the understanding of calcium-and gravity-dependent cellular processes. We have studied with confocal microscopy the distribution and relative content of calcium ions in the Beta vulgaris root distal elongation zone cells grown under slow horizontal clinorotation, reproducing one of the microgravity particularities, namely the absence of an orienting action of the gravity vector, compared to control conditions. We demonstrate that Ca 2+ relative content is 1.3 times higher in the roots of seedlings grown upwards and 1.2 times higher in the seedlings grown downwards compared to the control. Based on obtained data, taking into account the specific physiological properties of cells in the distal elongation zone, it is supposed that, under clinorotation, enhanced Ca 2+ relative content affects Ca 2+ -dependent cytoskeleton reorganization involved in cell gravisensing in altered gravity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Distribution of Calcium Ions in Cells of the Root Distal Elongation Zone Under Clinorotation

Sobol

Kordyum

2008

Microgravity Sci. Technol

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“…Simulated weightlessness was obtained using a two-dimensional (2-D) fast rotating clinostat (Iversen 1985). Narrow polyethylene bags (2 mm in diameter) were used for the cultivation of the protoplasts and mounted in the mid-axis of the horizontal clinostat.…”

Section: Equipment For Gravity Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated weightlessness and hyper‐g results in opposite effects on the regeneration of the cortical microtubule array in protoplasts from Brassica napus hypocotyls

Skagen

Iversen

1999

Physiologia Plantarum

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Enzymatic digestion of the cell wall of Brassica napus hypocotyls gave a heterogeneous suspension of protoplasts with the cortical microtubules (CMTs) randomly organised or CMTs organised in parallel. The effect of variable g-influences has been tested on CMT organisation. In contrast to the 1 g-protoplasts, which reorganised the CMTs into parallel arrays during the 96 h test period, the frequency of randomly-oriented CMTs in the protoplasts exposed to simulated weightlessness (0 g) on a 2-D clinostat increased significantly during the same period. The opposite effect was obtained when the protoplasts were exposed to hyper-g (7 or 10 g), where the reorganisation of the CMTs into parallel arrays was accelerated compared to the 1 and 0 g-protoplasts. These results indicate that a unidirectional gravity force is a necessity for the reorganisation of CMTs in protoplasts to parallel arrays and that CMTs act as responding elements that are able to sense different levels of gravity. Besides the inability of the protoplasts to reorganise the CMTs into parallel arrays, the quantity of CMTs in the individual protoplast decreased during 4 days of simulated weightlessness, both compared to the CMTs quantity in the protoplasts immediately after isolation and compared to the 1 g- and hyper-g-protoplasts after 24 and 48 h of g-exposure. The size of the protoplasts was also affected by the g-exposure. Protoplasts exposed to simulated 0 g increased significantly after 24 and 48 h, whereas the 1 g- and 10 g-protoplasts maintained the same size during the 48 h test period.

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“…These changes include many species like soybean seedlings (De Micco et al, 2008), sweet clover (Hilaire et al, 1995), Brassica oleracea (Nedukha, 1997), rice and Arabidopsis (Hoson et al, 2000), and are connected with changes in perturbed cell-wall building, cellulosic microfibril (CMF) organization, enzymes or calcium balance in the cytoplasm, and apoplast. Many plant protoplast regeneration experiments confirmed that the reconstitution of the cell wall was retarded under space conditions Iversen et al, 1992;Klimchuk et al, 1992) and simulated weightlessness (Skagen et al, 2000;Nedukha et al, 1994 andRasmussen et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Simulated microgravity inhibits cell wall regeneration of Penicillium decumbens protoplasts

Zhao

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2010

Advances in Space Research

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The effect of microgravity on the development of plant protoplasts flown on Biokosmos 9

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Distribution of Calcium Ions in Cells of the Root Distal Elongation Zone Under Clinorotation

Distribution of Calcium Ions in Cells of the Root Distal Elongation Zone Under Clinorotation

Simulated weightlessness and hyper‐g results in opposite effects on the regeneration of the cortical microtubule array in protoplasts from Brassica napus hypocotyls

Simulated microgravity inhibits cell wall regeneration of Penicillium decumbens protoplasts

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