The effect of microencapsulated essential oils on the initial growth of maize (Zea mays) and common weeds (Echinochloa crus-galli and Chenopodium album)

Synowiec, Agnieszka; Smęda, Aleksandra; Adamiec, J.; Kalemba, Danuta

doi:10.14199/ppp-2016-060

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Concerning maize, neither germination nor aerial biomass production were statistically affected by the ecoherbicide compared to the control. Similarly, the tolerance of maize to the phytotoxic activity of the essential oil of M. × piperita [44], M. verticillata green manure [29], and M. spicata when intercropped [37] have been previously demonstrated. Large seeds like maize generally tolerate changes in soil chemical properties caused by green manures better [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentha suaveolens as Allelopathic Biomass for Weed Control: Phenolics, Organic Acids, and Volatile Organic Compounds Profiles

Puig,

Álvarez-Iglesias,

Pardo-Muras

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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The need to find alternatives to synthetic herbicides has led to the evaluation of the use of allelopathic biomass from different agroforestry species as soil amendments for weed control. Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. (apple mint) could be a suitable candidate as an ecoherbicide due to its availability in the agroecosystem, well-studied biological activities, and known chemical composition. For the present study, two greenhouse pot experiments were conducted by incorporating flowering aerial biomass of apple mint into the soil. In the first one, the potential phytotoxic effects of M. suaveolens at doses 1 and 2% were evaluated on the germination and growth of maize and its accompanying weeds. In a second temporary assay, the duration of phytotoxicity and the effects of apple mint (0.5% dose) on the physicochemical properties of the soil were elucidated. The soluble (phenolics and organic acids) and volatile compounds potentially releasable from the allelopathic biomass were identified. The apple mint exerted adverse effects on the germination and growth of dicotyledonous weed species, especially Amaranthus retroflexus and Solanum nigrum, with almost 100% inhibition, as well as on the growth of monocotyledonous weeds such as Digitaria sanguinalis, with a reduction of more than 95%. On the contrary, maize yield and soil properties pH, CECe, organic matter, and exchangeable cations were improved by the ecoherbicide. Chemical analyses of apple mint aerial biomass revealed the presence of 7 phenolic compounds, 9 organic acids, and 32 volatiles. For this study, the effects of incorporating M. suaveolens aerial biomass into soil were evaluated for the first time, and it was demonstrated that it has potential as an eco-friendly plant-based tool for Integrated Weed Management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentha suaveolens as Allelopathic Biomass for Weed Control: Phenolics, Organic Acids, and Volatile Organic Compounds Profiles

Puig,

Álvarez-Iglesias,

Pardo-Muras

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Antifungal and Phytotoxic Activities of Essential Oils: In Vitro Assays and Their Potential Use in Crop Protection

et al. 2020

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(1) Background: The use of natural products based on essential oils (EO) is nowadays arousing great interest as an alternative method to control plant pathogens and weeds. However, EO possess low bioavailability and are highly volatile, and their encapsulation in hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) could be a means to enhance their stability and maintain their bioactivity. Thus, the current study aims at investigating, in the presence and the absence of HP-β-CD, the antifungal and phytotoxic activities of nine EO, distilled from plant species belonging to Alliaceae, Apiaceae, and Cupressaceae families, with considerations for their chemical composition. (2) Methods: EO antifungal activity was assessed by direct contact and volatility assays against Fusarium culmorum, a major phytopathogenic fungi, while phytotoxic effects were evaluated against lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and rye-grass (Lolium perenne L.), by seedling’s emergence and growth assays. (3) Results: These EO inhibit fungal growth in both direct contact and volatility assays, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) ranging from 0.01 to 4.2 g L−1, and from 0.08 up to 25.6 g L−1, respectively. Concerning phytotoxicity, these EO have shown great potential in inhibiting lettuce (IC50 ranging from 0.0008 up to 0.3 g L−1) and rye-grass (IC50 ranging from 0.01 to 0.8 g L−1) seedlings’ emergence and growth. However, the EO encapsulation in HP-β-CD has not shown a significant improvement in EO biological properties in our experimental conditions. (4) Conclusion: All tested EO present antifungal and phytotoxic activities, with diverse efficacy regarding their chemical composition, whilst no increase of their biological effects was observed with HP-β-CD.

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Microencapsulated Caraway Essential Oil Affects Initial Growth of Maize Cultivars

et al. 2021

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Caraway (Carum carvi L.) essential oil is a candidate for botanical herbicides. A hypothesis was formulated that the sand-applied maltodextrin-coated caraway oil (MCEO) does not affect the growth of maize (Zea mays L.). In the pot experiment, pre-emergence application of five doses of MCEO was tested on four maize cultivars up to the three-leaf growth stage. The morphological analyses were supported by the measurements of relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), two parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence, e.g., Fv/Fm and Fv/F0, and fluorescence emission spectra. The analyzed MCEO contained 6.5% caraway EO with carvone and limonene as the main compounds, constituting 95% of the oil. The MCEO caused 7-day delays in maize emergence from the dose of 0.9 g per pot (equal to 96 g m−2). Maize development at the three-leaf growth stage, i.e., length of roots, length of leaves, and biomass of shoots and leaves, was significantly impaired already at the lowest dose of MCEO: 0.4 g per pot, equal to 44 g m−2. A significant drop of both chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters was noted, on average, from the dose of 0.7 g per pot, equal to 69 g m−2. Among the tested cultivars, cv. Rywal and Pomerania were less susceptible to the MCEO compared to the cv. Kurant and Podole. In summary, maize is susceptible to the pre-emergence, sand-applied MCEO from the dose of 44 g m−2.

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The effect of microencapsulated essential oils on the initial growth of maize (Zea mays) and common weeds (Echinochloa crus-galli and Chenopodium album)

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Mentha suaveolens as Allelopathic Biomass for Weed Control: Phenolics, Organic Acids, and Volatile Organic Compounds Profiles

Mentha suaveolens as Allelopathic Biomass for Weed Control: Phenolics, Organic Acids, and Volatile Organic Compounds Profiles

Antifungal and Phytotoxic Activities of Essential Oils: In Vitro Assays and Their Potential Use in Crop Protection

Microencapsulated Caraway Essential Oil Affects Initial Growth of Maize Cultivars

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