The effect of methylene blue phototreatment on plasma proteins and in vitro coagulation capability of single‐donor fresh‐frozen plasma

Zeiler, T.; Riess, Hanno; Wittmann, G.; Hintz, G.; Zimmermann, R; Müller, Christian; Heuft, H G; Huhn, D.

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34894353464.x

Cited by 69 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…MB addition to plasma has previously been reported to cause factor VIII levels to decrease by one third and a prolongation of PTT values as seen in this study [18]. MB phototreatment did not appear to cause reductions in levels of factors II or V in the earlier work, but the change in factor VIII level alone would not be expected to explain the PTT alterations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…MB phototreatment did not appear to cause reductions in levels of factors II or V in the earlier work, but the change in factor VIII level alone would not be expected to explain the PTT alterations. Lambrecht et al [9] noted declines in procoagulant activities of up to 20% after MB phototreatment, and Zeiler et al [18] also noted a reduction of fibrinogen activity; these changes may have been related to MB interference in the assay systems since the fibrometer-based fibrinogen assay used in this study documented no change in fibrinogen concentration with MB phototreatment. Additional studies of the activity of specific procoagulants were precluded by exhaustion of samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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Removal of Methylene Blue from Plasma via an Adsorbent Filter

et al. 1998

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Objective: To evaluate adsorbent filtration of methylene blue (MB) and leukocytes from plasma. Methods: Plasma (750 ml) from apheresis of 10 normal subjects was split into three aliquots: control (A), filtration (B) and MB addition (to 1 μM), phototreatment and filtration (C). Biochemical and coagulation tests were performed; units A and B were reinfused. Results: Filtration reduced MB to undetectable (< 0.05 μM) levels and leukocytes by 3 log₁₀. Biochemical analytes were unchanged. The partial thromboplastin time was prolonged with MB addition (11±13%) or filtration (26±12%, p < 0.05), but the effects were not additive. Autologous transfusion was well tolerated. Conclusion: Adsorbent filtration can reduce residual MB to undetectable levels and yields a component suitable for transfusion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Removal of Methylene Blue from Plasma via an Adsorbent Filter

et al. 1998

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“…Its mechanism of action is based on the binding of the dye to the viral genome and to structures on the surface of the virus, followed by destruction by photoinduced oxidative damage [3, 4, 5]. This method is applied to individual plasma units, avoiding the possibility of cross-contamination associated with plasma pools, and resulting in added safety of the actual photoinactivation [5, 6]. The procedure, as with solvent/detergent, is active against enveloped viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Methylene Blue Photoinactivation Treatment on Coagulation Factors from Fresh Frozen Plasma, Cryoprecipitates and Cryosupernatants

Aznar¹,

Bonanad²,

Montoro³

et al. 2000

Vox Sanguinis

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Objective: To study the influence of virus photoinactivation with methylene blue (MB) on the coagulation factors of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and the corresponding cryoprecipitates and cryosupernatants derived from it. Materials and Methods: The photoinactivation procedure of the German Red Cross (Springe) was applied using Biomat (Grifols, Spain). Twenty isogroup pools of three plasma units were made from 60 U of FFP. The pools were split into three bags. One of them was photoinactivated, and pre- and postinactivation samples (MB-plasma) were obtained. The second bag was treated in the same way, followed by the preparation of MB-cryoprecipitate and MB-cryosupernatant. The third bag was not photoinactivated, and was processed in the same way to obtain control cryoprecipitate and cryosupernatant. The prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were analysed, as well as fibrinogen, factors (F) II, V, VII, VIII, IX, XI and XIII, antithrombin III, von Willebrand (vW) F:RCo, vWF:Ag and the multimeric structure of vWF. Results: In plasma, the proteins most sensitive to photoinactivation were fibrinogen, FV, FVIII, FIX and FXI (24, 32, 28, 23 and 27% loss, respectively). In the MB-cryoprecipitate, the losses were higher for FVIII (23%), moderate for fibrinogen, FXIII and vWF:RCo (18, 14 and 13%, respectively) and minimal (only 3%) for vWF:Ag. In MB-cryosupernatants, the losses were higher for FV (26%) and moderate for fibrinogen (16%), FIX (18%) and FXI (19%), as well as for FII and FXIII (15%). The multimeric structure of vWF was not modified in MB-plasma or in MB-cryoprecipitates. The supernatants (both MB treated as well as controls) showed an absence of multimers of very high and high molecular weight. Conclusions: The quantitative and qualitative conservation of coagulation factors achieved in MB-plasma-derived products suggest that they are useful for the global replacement of coagulation factors and for deficiencies in FV and FXI. In countries lacking the economic resources to obtain virally inactivated concentrates, MB-cryoprecipitates could be useful in von Willebrand’s disease and fibrinogen and FXIII deficiencies. MB-cryosupernatants could be employed in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, in the correction of total or partial deficiencies of prothrombin complex factors and in specific deficiencies of FV and FXI.

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“…In the Baxter method the extra freezing making the plasma cell–free is replaced by a filtration step. It is assumed that the structural changes of the plasma proteins are caused mainly by the extra freezing step [7, 8, 9, 10, 11]and this assumption is confirmed in a preclinical study performed by Baxter. The filtration furthermore removes any infectious agents, such as prions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Clinical Tolerance of Methylene Blue Virus–Inactivated Plasma

Simonsen

Sørensen

1999

Vox Sanguinis

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Objectives: Baxter's methylene blue (MB) photoinactivation of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is a method that effectively removes any intracellular potentially infectious agent, such as prions, by filtration combined with an improved photochemical virus inactivation on a single unit of FFP. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate clinical and biochemical tolerance of MB–treated plasma in healthy human volunteers. Methods: The design was a crossover randomized trial. Twelve subjects received alternatively treated and nontreated autologous FFP. Coagulation parameters were tested as well as clinical and biochemical parameters. Results: No clinical or statistically significant difference was detected for any of the parameters. Conclusion: Transfusion of FFP treated for viral reduction by an improved MB photoinactivation method was shown to be safe and did not affect the normal function of coagulation proteins. We consider this method as a valuable alternative to other methods described as it combines the photoinactivation with a filtration step removing any intracellular infectious agents, such as prions.

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The effect of methylene blue phototreatment on plasma proteins and in vitro coagulation capability of single‐donor fresh‐frozen plasma

Abstract: MB phototreatment reduces the in vitro coagulation capacity of FFP, most likely as a result of the effects of an additional freezing and thawing procedure and photooxidation-induced protein damage.

Cited by 69 publications

References 8 publications

Removal of Methylene Blue from Plasma via an Adsorbent Filter

Removal of Methylene Blue from Plasma via an Adsorbent Filter

Influence of Methylene Blue Photoinactivation Treatment on Coagulation Factors from Fresh Frozen Plasma, Cryoprecipitates and Cryosupernatants

Clinical Tolerance of Methylene Blue Virus–Inactivated Plasma

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The effect of methylene blue phototreatment on plasma proteins and in vitro coagulation capability of single‐donor fresh‐frozen plasma

Abstract: MB phototreatment reduces the in vitro coagulation capacity of FFP, most likely as a result of the effects of an additional freezing and thawing procedure and photooxidation-induced protein damage.

Cited by 69 publications

References 8 publications

Removal of Methylene Blue from Plasma via an Adsorbent Filter

Removal of Methylene Blue from Plasma via an Adsorbent Filter

Influence of Methylene Blue Photoinactivation Treatment on Coagulation Factors from Fresh Frozen Plasma, Cryoprecipitates and Cryosupernatants

Clinical Tolerance of Methylene Blue Virus&ndash;Inactivated Plasma

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Product

Resources

About

Clinical Tolerance of Methylene Blue Virus–Inactivated Plasma