The effect of mesh size, number of rod, &amp; length of rod towards touch voltage, step voltage, and ground resistance in grounding system

Kasim, Ishak; Abduh, Syamsir; Fitryah, Nur

doi:10.1109/ichveps.2017.8225870

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…For this reason, it is necessary to reduce the risk of electrical hazards such as excessive touch voltage (Barrett et al, 2010). The methods commonly used to reduce these hazards are grouped into two parts, namely: (i) safety measures to prevent the occurrence of touch stresses (Kasim et al, 2017), namely: (a) total isolation, where the equipment is given additional insulation to prevent the enclosure from being energized, in case the essential insulation fails to function; (b) human insulating pads are isolated from the earth and all electrically conducting objects connected to them; (c) safety with electrical equipment separators connected to the main line through a transformer as an isolation transformer (transformation ratio of 1:1); (d) safe extra low voltage, the equipment is fed at a safe voltage (up to 50 V), e.g. from an isolation transformer, battery, or otherwise,; (ii) safety measures aimed at severing the touch voltage hazard, namely: (a) safety measures aimed at severing the touch voltage hazard, the enclosure is connected directly to ground; when there is a short circuit in the frame, the fault current flowing to the ground is so large that the safety is tripped; (b) neutralization (also known as the TN system) is a form of security that is the most common method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Human Body's Resistance to AC Voltage

Kilis

Tuegeh

Dako

et al. 2023

JEJPTE

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The economic development of the community affects the widespread use of household electricity. Of course, the development of technology touches every aspect of the activity, whether for entertainment, pleasure or primary needs. Every dry season, the threat of fire is often a scourge for all of us. One of the leading causes is a short circuit of electric current. Electricity is an essential part of this day and age. Everyone needs electricity, whether it is from the lower levels of society to the upper levels of society, both for household, office and industrial purposes. Specifically for household purposes, electricity has become an inseparable part of daily needs. A pandemic has resulted in more extended and varied use of electricity in the home. Another consequence is that it is more prone to short circuits or even fires. The critical criteria that must be met at home are the proper installation of security fuses, the avoidance of sockets with multiple connections, and other items that must guarantee adequate grounding or fulfil the requirements with installations that meet the General Electrical Installation Requirements (in Bahasa Indonesia is abbreviated as PUIL). Problems that can be identified are: What is the average resistance of the student body to AC voltage? Are there any differences in male and female body resistance? The benefits of this research are: Theoretical benefits assessing the average resistance of the human body for planning protection system equipment. Practical benefits it is known as the average student body resistance value. Become a reference in determining the value of a protection system plan. The average measurement results in the range of 5100 Ohm. The results showed a significant difference between the levels of body resistance of male and female students. This is because the number of female students in this study is much smaller than that of male students.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Human Body's Resistance to AC Voltage

Kilis

Tuegeh

Dako

et al. 2023

JEJPTE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…En este contexto el FEM es permite resolver sistemas electromagnéticos complejos de manera gráfica, es decir, se dibuja las geometrías y se caracteriza los materiales involucrados en el fenómeno a estudiar, la solución será una distribución gráfica de los potenciales y el campo electromagnético asociado; por lo que este método se puede utilizar para resolver potenciales en los sistemas eléctricos [8], [9] incluyendo las mallas de puesta a tierra [10], [11], [12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Simulación de Mallas de Puesta a Tierra Utilizando el Método de los Elementos Finitos en Tres Dimensiones

Otero¹,

Peñafiel²,

Vallejo³

et al. 2021

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Este artículo presenta la simulación de sistemas de puesta a tierra utilizando el método de elementos finitos FEM. La simulación se realiza con diferentes escenarios geométricos, resistividad del material, valores de corriente y lugares por donde se inyecta la corriente a la malla de puesta a tierra. El método de FEM se utiliza en tres dimensiones utilizando ANSYS como software de simulación. Para validar el modelo de simulación se utiliza un prototipo a escala real de una malla de puesta a tierra en un tanque electrolítico. Tanto la simulación como el modelo real están sujetos a las mismas condiciones. Luego se simulan 16 casos de estudio para comparar los perfiles de voltaje simulados. Todos estos resultados permiten analizar y discutir las cualidades de la configuración geométrica de la malla en diferentes escenarios. El objetivo de este proyecto es generar conocimiento aplicable para el diseño de un sistema de puesta a tierra y evaluar resultados como voltaje de paso, voltaje de contacto y GPR o aumento de potencial máximo.

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Optimum pattern of grounding grid by using closed-form solution based on optimized results

El-Refaie,

Abd Elrahman,

Mohamed

et al. 2023

Electr Eng

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Finding the optimum conductor’s pattern for unequally spaced grounding grids can be achieved by using empirical formulas or optimization techniques. Empirical formulas give an approximate solution depending on human experience and never cover the entire search space. On the other hand, the optimization techniques generally require a significant effort and time. To overcome the previous issues, this paper presents a closed-form solution based on optimized results. The main motivation behind this formula is the comprehensive study carried out by the authors to find optimum location of grounding grid conductors over different areas. In that work, particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) has been adapted with combined integration matrix method (CIMM) to facilitate the study. In this paper, the results obtained previously were summarized in the proposed formula. The proposed formula gives the optimum design of unequally grounding grids by specifying the conductor’s locations as percentage of the side length for square and rectangular shapes. As long as the side length and the number of conductors are given, the location of each conductor as a percentage of the side length can be obtained. The effect of adding driven rods and the stratified soil conditions on the results of the optimized design were investigated. The validity of the proposed closed-form solution was verified experimentally.

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The effect of mesh size, number of rod, & length of rod towards touch voltage, step voltage, and ground resistance in grounding system

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of the Human Body's Resistance to AC Voltage

Analysis of the Human Body's Resistance to AC Voltage

Simulación de Mallas de Puesta a Tierra Utilizando el Método de los Elementos Finitos en Tres Dimensiones

Optimum pattern of grounding grid by using closed-form solution based on optimized results

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