The Effect of Marijuana Legalization on the Trajectories of Hard Drug–Related Hospitalizations: A Growth Curve Analysis of the County-Level State Inpatient Database in Washington, 2009–2015

Park, Seong-min; Shen, Jay J.; Yoo, Ji Won; Reed, Shon M.

doi:10.1177/0022042620912695

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Recent studies, however, provide evidence that marijuana legalization laws actually displace harder drug use. A study conducted by Park et al (2020) considered these competing arguments and investigated temporal patterns of hard drug-related hospitalizations before and after marijuana legalization. County-level inpatient hospitalization data from Washington state from 2009 to 2015, along with additional federal data, were used for this analysis (Park et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study conducted by Park et al (2020) considered these competing arguments and investigated temporal patterns of hard drug-related hospitalizations before and after marijuana legalization. County-level inpatient hospitalization data from Washington state from 2009 to 2015, along with additional federal data, were used for this analysis (Park et al, 2020). Findings show support for the deterrent theory—increasing marijuana use seemed to deter individuals from partaking in harder drug use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings show support for the deterrent theory—increasing marijuana use seemed to deter individuals from partaking in harder drug use. However, when controlling for other county-level factors—education and economic indicators—passage of an RML may actually lead to increasing harder drug use (Park et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Societal Costs and Outcomes of Medical and Recreational Marijuana Policies in the United States: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Significant support exists in the United States for legalization of marijuana/cannabis. As of 2021, 36 states and four territories approved the legalization of medical cannabis via medical marijuana laws (MMLs), and 15 states and District of Columbia (DC) have adopted recreational marijuana laws (RMLs). We performed structured and systematic searches of articles published from 2010 through September 2021. We assess the literature pertaining to adolescent marijuana use; opioid use and opioid-related outcomes; alcohol use; tobacco use; illicit and other drug use; marijuana growing and cultivation; employment, earnings, and other workplace outcomes; academic achievement and performance; criminal activity; perceived harmfulness; traffic and road safety; and suicide and sexual activity. Overall, 113 articles satisfied our inclusion criteria. Except for opioids, studies on use of other substances (illicit drugs, tobacco, and alcohol) were inconclusive. MMLs and RMLs do not generate negative outcomes in the labor market, lead to greater criminal activity, or reduce traffic and road safety.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Societal Costs and Outcomes of Medical and Recreational Marijuana Policies in the United States: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Additionally, there has been an important public concern about the consequences of marijuana legalization/marijuana use on other harder drug use, such as the use of heroin and cocaine 8 (Secades-Villa et al, 2015; Williams, 2020). Unfortunately, few studies have examined the relevance of marijuana legalization to the use of harder and more harmful substances (for examples, see Chu, 2015; Park et al, 2020). Given the connection between hard drugs and violence, further scholarly exploration on the relationship between marijuana legalization, marijuana use, and other harder drug use would help identify the mechanism of linkage between legalization and simple assault.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Recreational Marijuana Legalization on Simple Assault in Oregon

Willits

2022

J Interpers Violence

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There has been heightened public concern about the implications of recreational marijuana legalization to public safety. Prior research on this issue has primarily focused on Colorado and Washington State—the two states that first legalized recreational marijuana in the U.S.—and on legalization’s impact on major crimes. This study extends this line of research to Oregon (OR, legalized in late 2014) and examines the impact of legalization on a less serious form of violent crime—simple assault. Using Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program data from 2007 to 2017 and a quasi-experimental research design, this study found that counties in OR have experienced increases in simple assault rate following legalization, relative to rates in the 19 non-legalized states. Findings suggest the need for more scholarly efforts to explore the potential impact of marijuana legalization on different subtypes of violent crime in other legalized states.

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“…Additionally, increases in emergency department attendances due to ingestion of marijuana products with higher than typical THC concentrations is probable [16]. Other studies have suggested the legalization of recreational marijuana acts as a "gateway" to other drug use [15,29]. Further evidence is necessary to better anticipate and prevent health risks associated with marijuana use [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postmortem THC in decedents following legalization of recreational cannabis in Clark County, Nevada

Neiswenter

Tupu

Cross

et al. 2022

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Marijuana is the most prevalent illicit substance used globally. With increasing US legalizing recreational marijuana, more evidence is vital to minimize potential health risks.This study was conducted to test several hypotheses regarding postmortem THC/ COOH-THC in decedents before and after legalization of recreational marijuana in Nevada. We also compared presence of THC/COOH-THC in decedents with respect to manner of death as recorded by the Clark County Office of the Coroner/Medical Examiner. THC/COOH-THC concentrations for years 2015-2016 (pre-legalization) and 2017-2019 (post-legalization) were compared through an independent samples t-test and chi-square tests. A binary logistic regression was used to compare the presence of THC/COOH-THC with covariates: age, gender, race, and manner of death. The average concentration of THC/COOH-THC detected per decedent did not significantly differ before and after recreational legalization, whereas the proportion of decedents testing positive for THC showed a small but significant increase following legalization although no significant change in COOH-THC was detected. The likelihood of testing positive for THC/COOH-THC decreased as age increased. Sex, race, and manner of death were all associated with the relative risk of presence of THC/COOH-THC in toxicology reports.An increase in proportion of users but not in concentration of THC/COOH-THC was observed after legalization. The results are generally consistent with national reports and suggest toxicology data from decedents is a valuable method for surveying marijuana use by the general public. The early adoption of recreational marijuana by neighboring states may have precluded any major changes in use following legalization in Nevada.

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The Effect of Marijuana Legalization on the Trajectories of Hard Drug–Related Hospitalizations: A Growth Curve Analysis of the County-Level State Inpatient Database in Washington, 2009–2015

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Societal Costs and Outcomes of Medical and Recreational Marijuana Policies in the United States: A Systematic Review

Societal Costs and Outcomes of Medical and Recreational Marijuana Policies in the United States: A Systematic Review

The Impact of Recreational Marijuana Legalization on Simple Assault in Oregon

Postmortem THC in decedents following legalization of recreational cannabis in Clark County, Nevada

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